【正文】 ts bring no pain products are free from calories（3）Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products . overconsumed basic nutrients short of chemicals too much energy（4）Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? Notes: CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Subpoint (次要點(diǎn)) C: ConclusionA.B.C.D.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，我們的生活中充斥著各種各樣的減肥產(chǎn)品。事實(shí)上，減肥產(chǎn)品不僅在身體上而且在心理上都給人們帶來(lái)了危害。減肥需要堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的決心和實(shí)際的努力鍛煉，因此我們應(yīng)該向減肥產(chǎn)品說(shuō)不。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential（潛力）of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically. Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically.”可知我們很容易被減肥產(chǎn)品的承諾和功效吸引，而不思考減肥產(chǎn)品給我們帶來(lái)了什么。我們付錢購(gòu)買傷害我們身心健康的產(chǎn)品。減肥產(chǎn)品極大地從心理上削弱我們。所以減肥產(chǎn)品沒(méi)有他們自己宣傳的那么好，還會(huì)傷害我們自己，即減肥產(chǎn)品在誤導(dǎo)我們。故選C。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“Every time we have a zerocalorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don39。t have to work to get results.”可知每次喝零卡路里的飲料時(shí)，我們都在毫無(wú)意識(shí)地告訴自己不用工作就能有回報(bào)；以及“l(fā)ife can be without resistance and struggle.”生活可以沒(méi)有反抗和奮斗。因此推斷gain es without pain的意思是說(shuō)明減肥是毫不費(fèi)力的。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分).”可知減肥食物會(huì)間接傷害我們的身體，因?yàn)橄M(fèi)減肥食物而不是健康食物就意味著我們正在阻止我們的身體獲得基本營(yíng)養(yǎng)。所以推斷減肥食物傷害身體是因?yàn)闇p肥食品缺少基本的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分。故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically”我們?cè)陉P(guān)注對(duì)我們身心有害的產(chǎn)品；第二段中的“All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word ‘diet’ in food labels.”可知減肥讓我們做的是認(rèn)識(shí)“節(jié)食”這個(gè)標(biāo)簽；以及“diet products have greater psychological effects.”可知減肥產(chǎn)品有很大的心理影響；第四段中的“The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause.”可知減肥產(chǎn)品的危害不僅在心理方面，也在身體方面；第五段中的“it is time to seriously think about buying them.”可知要認(rèn)真考慮要不要買減肥產(chǎn)品。所以文章是先說(shuō)了減肥產(chǎn)品對(duì)身心有害，然后舉了兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：一是我們了解“節(jié)食”這個(gè)標(biāo)簽，二是有很大的心理影響。在心理影響之后又補(bǔ)充了身體的影響，最后提出要認(rèn)真考慮買不買減肥產(chǎn)品。即總說(shuō)下兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，在第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)上有兩個(gè)支持點(diǎn)，最后再總結(jié)。所以選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 I can39。t stop looking at my phone, but I39。m not alone. Over billion people have smartphones now, and a lot of them are having a hard time putting them down. The problem is, out devices are designed to be addicting. But if you understand the tricks that grab your attention, you can learn to have a healthier relationship with your phone. It starts with turning off all notifications(推送通知), except when a real human is trying to reach you. But a lot of today39。s apps simulate the feeling of that kind of social interaction, to get you to spend more time on their platform. If Facebook sends you a push notification that a friend is interested in an event near you, they39。re essentially acting like a puppet master, taking advantage of your desire for social connections so that you use the app more. Today you can get notifications from any app on your phone. So, every time you check it, you get this grab bag of notifications that can make you feel a broad variety of emotions. If it wasn39。t for random, if it was predictably bad or predictably good, then you would not get addicted. That39。s the same logic behind slot machines(老虎機(jī)). Some apps even copy the process of pulling a slot machine lever with the “pull to refresh” feature. Those apps are usually capable of continuously updating content, but the pull action provides an addicting illusion of control over that process. Then, you have to make your screen grayer. The easiest way to attract your eye39。s attention on a screen is through color. In eyetracking tests, human eyes gravitate(被吸引)particularly to bright red. That39。s why so many apps have redesigned their icons to be brighter, bolder, and warmer over the years. It39。s also why notification bubbles are red. So just noticing that if I take out the color, it changes some of the addictiveness. Finally, restrict your home screen to everyday tools. Make sure that your home screen, when you unlock it, doesn39。t have anything except for the inthemoment tools that help you like live your life. If you39。re not sure what counts as a bottomless vortex(漩渦)of stuff, it helps to filter out apps that use infinite scrolling. Infinite scrolling continuously loads new material so there39。s no builtin endpoint. Video autoplay works in a similar way. These interfaces create a frictionless experience, but they also create a user39。s sense of control and make it harder to stop. Technology might not always look harmful. There are ideas for alternative interfaces that give you functional choices and are more transparent about how much time you39。ll lose with one action, versus another. But it39。s a really deep philosophical question: what is genuinely worth your attention? Do people even know how to answer that question? It39。s a really hard question, it39。s not something we think about. But, for now, it39。s a question that everybody needs to start asking.（1）Which is the most accurate word to replace the underlined word essentially? （2）What does the author mean by mentioning slot machine? can probably predict what the notification is before checking their phones. can do gambling on the internet legally.39。re a lot of similarities between apps and slot machines.39。s unpredictability that makes phones addicting.（3）From the end of the article we can know that ______. the interfaces are not extremely addicting users are not enabled to choose but to waste time on technology39。s philosophers39。 job to reflect on the value of technology in information age development of technology cannot be changed back to the way they were before（4）We can learn from the passage that the author39。s attitude to technology is ______. 【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，討論了如何讓自己對(duì)手機(jī)不那么上癮，并提出