【正文】 I made a patient of her. Mrs. Jones was the dead body that I dissected（解剖）over the first two years of my medical training. Of course, her name wasn39。t really Mrs. Jones, but it seemed a little impolite to be conducting research into someone39。s body without even knowing its name, so out of courtesy, I thought she should have one. “Me and Mrs. Jones, we39。ve got a thing going on,” went the song ing out of the radio as I unzipped the bag of her on my first day — and so she was christened. As the months passed, I soon forgot that Mrs. Jones had, in fact, once been alive. One day, though, she suddenly became very human again. I39。d been dissecting Mrs. Jones a good 18 months before I got around to the uterus（子宮）. After I39。d removed it, the professor came up to me, “If you look at the opening carefully, you39。ll see that the angle indicates that this woman has had several children, probably three.” I stared at it, and I suddenly felt very strange. This woman, who had given me something incredibly precious that I39。d begun to take for granted, wasn39。t a dead body. She was a person, a mother, in fact. At my graduation, the same professor came over to congratulate me. I explained the story about Mrs. Jones to him, and recalled what he39。d told me about her having children and how that had affected me all those years ago. “Well,” he said, “at the beginning of your training you had a dead body and managed to turn it into a person. Now you39。re a doctor, the trick is to have a person and not turn them into a dead body,” and he laughed, shook my hand and walked away.（1）Why didn39。t the author know much about Mrs. Jones? A.Because he was irresponsible for his patients.B.Because he wasn39。t allowed to ask for her privacy.C.Because he didn39。t know her until she passed away.D.Because he was too careless while dissecting her.（2）How did Mrs. Jones get her name? A.It was passed down from the seniors of my school.B.It came from a song being played when we first met.C.She was named after a wellknown singer I liked bestD.It just occurred to me when I opened the bag of her.（3）What could be the author39。s feeling for Mrs. Jones now? A.Grateful.B.Pitiless.C.Hateful.D.Guilty.（4）What did the professor imply by his words in the last paragraph? A.Medical students are able to bring the dead back to life.B.Being a doctor has nothing to do with the medical training.C.Good doctors never fail to save their patients from dying.D.Medical staff ought to have respect for life and humanity.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了和瓊斯夫人之間的故事，說明了醫(yī)務(wù)人員應(yīng)該尊敬生命和人道。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“It might seem rather negligent not to know the basic facts of my patient ,but I had a valid reason—Mrs. Jones was dead, and had been dead for about three years before I made a patient of her.”可知瓊斯夫人在去世后，把遺體捐給了醫(yī)學(xué)院，所以在她去世之前，作者并不認(rèn)識(shí)她，故選C。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘Me and Mrs. Jones, we39。ve got a thing going on,’ went the song ing out of the radio as I unzipped the bag of her on my first day — and so she was christened.”可知當(dāng)我們第一次見面的時(shí)候，收音機(jī)里正在播放一首歌《我和瓊斯夫人》，她就這樣被命名了，故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Mrs. Jones was my first patient when I started medical school—and I owe her a lot.”可知現(xiàn)在，我對(duì)瓊斯夫人充滿感激，故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“he said, ‘a(chǎn)t the beginning of your training you had a dead body and managed to turn it into a person. Now you39。re a doctor, the trick is to have a person and not turn them into a dead body,’ and he laughed, shook my hand and walked away.”可知教授說得這段話的意思是：“在你剛開始訓(xùn)練解剖尸體的時(shí)候，你要設(shè)法把尸體變成一個(gè)人?，F(xiàn)在，你成為一名醫(yī)生了，竅門就是不要把人變成尸體?！边@名教授說得這些話暗含的意思是醫(yī)務(wù)人員應(yīng)該尊敬生命和人道，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Since English biologist Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natural history. However, a lot of information is still of the speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things. One subject that they guess about is why some 400 million years ago, animals in the sea developed limbs (肢) that allowed them to move onto and live on land. Recently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物學(xué)家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again. Homer thought that tidal (潮汐的) pools might have led to fish gaining limbs. Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. Then, they would have been made either to adapt to their new environment close to land or die. The fittest among them grew to acplish the transition (過渡) from sea to land. Romer called these earliest fourfooted animals “tetrapods”. Science has always thought that this was a credible theory, but only recently has there been strong enough evidence to support it. Hannah Byrne is an oceanographer (海洋學(xué)家) at Uppsala University in Sweden. She announced at the 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Oregon, US, that by using puter software, her team had managed to link Homer39。s theory to places where fossil deposits (沉積物) of the earliest tetrapods were found. According to the magazine Science, in 2014, Steven Balbus, a scientist at the University of Oxford in the UK, calculated that 400 million years ago, when the move from land to sea was achieved, tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now. The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of “survival of the fittest”, explained Mattias Green, an ocean scientist at the UK39。s University of Bangor. As he told Science, “After a few days in these pools, you bee food or you run out of food... the fish that had large limbs had an advantage because they could flip (翻轉(zhuǎn)) themselves back in the water.” As is often the case, however, there are others who find the theory less convincing. Cambridge University39。s paleontologist Jennifer Clark, speaking to Natur