【正文】 0。 We all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(濕度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide said researchers from the National University of Singapore. 45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers pointed out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for shrinking creatures. We do not yet know the mechanisms(機(jī)制)involved, or why some organism are getting smaller while others are unaffected, the researchers said. Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we can39。t yet quantify. The change is big in coldblooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures are enough to make retiles (爬行動(dòng)物)smaller. An increase of only 1 degree centigrade caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism(新陳代謝). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growing. Warmblooded animals aren39。t immune(免除)from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaken And polar bears are smaller, pared with historical records. This is not the first time this has happened in Earth39。s history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change. The speed of modem climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times climate change will be shown in the future.（1）What does the text mainly talk about? A.Why some species bee smaller.B.How climate changes in Earth39。s history?C.Climate change has many negative effects.D.Species are being smaller as climate gets warmer.（2）The underlined word trumped m the first paragraph probably mean_________. A.strengthenedB.gainedC.beatenD.equaled（3）Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe that________. A.they have found the exact causes for creatures getting smallerB.all the animals on the earth have bee smallerC.climate change has more negative effects on warmblooded animalsD.increase in energy use can lead to creatures getting smaller（4）What does the author feel about the climate change? A.DisappointedB.OptimisticC.WorriedD.Shameful【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了氣候變暖導(dǎo)致許多生物個(gè)體變小這一現(xiàn)象，氣候變化已對(duì)浮游生物產(chǎn)生了有害影響，人類需要盡快采取措施。（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“We all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(濕度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide”可知科學(xué)家原來(lái)以為二氧化碳的增加會(huì)導(dǎo)致物種變大，但是氣候的變化讓物種反而變小。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“We all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(濕度)and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide” 可知科學(xué)家原來(lái)以為二氧化碳的增加會(huì)導(dǎo)致物種變大，但是氣候的變化讓物種變小?？芍?dú)夂虻淖兓驍×硕趸紟?lái)的影響。故“beat”與該詞同義。選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards.”可知大量使用的能源導(dǎo)致物種體型變小。故選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The speed of modem climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times climate change will be shown in the future.”可知作者擔(dān)心現(xiàn)代氣候變化的速度太快導(dǎo)致有機(jī)體無(wú)法迅速做出回應(yīng)?？芍髡邔?duì)氣候變化很擔(dān)心。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot? It happens. You park and go shopping. When you get back, you have no idea where your car is. It can be discouraging. You don39。t need to install (安裝) an expensive GPS system to keep track of your car. That39。s too expensive. You would need to pay a monthly subscription fee just to use it. But is there a way to track your vehicle without spending a fortune? Yes, now there is! A Californiabased startup pany was able to make this a reality. They created a tiny device (裝置）that works with your smartphone, and it could be exactly what you39。re looking for! It39。s called TrackR Bravo. It39。s changing the way we keep track of the important things in our lives. Install the free TrackR app on your smartphone, connect the app to your device and you39。re ready to go! Simply attach TrackR to whatever you want to keep an eye on. The entire process of setting it up only takes 5 minutes or less. You can attach it to your keys, wallet and anything else you don39。t want to lose. Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds. Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services. Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. We understand how stressful these things can be, and this is the reason why the pany created TrackR. This device is your VIP when you need to take care of important things. If you forget where you park your car, take out your smartphone and open the TrackR app. Tap on the “l(fā)ost item” sign on the screen and the app will tell you the exact location. This device is by no means expensive. TrackR only costs $29, a small price to pay for peace of mind. The device is small enough that you can attach it to your pets. Put it on their collar, and you will never lose track of them! Attach it to your key or wallet, and never waste a minute rummaging the whole house for it. Si