【正文】 oldfashioned customers with heavy fees. In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. When payments dematerialise, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow. Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failure and cyberattacks. In a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind. And a digital system could let governments watch over people39。s shopping habits and private multinationals exploit their personal data.（1）Some rich countries are trying to . A.dematerialize moneyB.get rid of the sideeffects of cashC.make the economy more efficient by protecting endangered speciesD.promote payment without paper money or coins（2）In paragraph 3, several countries are mentioned to show . A.the differences between developed and developing countriesB.that cash is still king across the worldC.digital payments are being a trend that cannot be stoppedD.China is developing faster that those developed countries in digital payment（3）Cash is disappearing largely because . A.younger consumers are short of money to live their digital livesB.suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and dataC.the infrastructure is developing at a high speed in developed marketsD.financial firms want to abandon oldfashioned customers（4）The author39。s attitude towards digitalized payment is . A.favorableB.negativeC.objectiveD.indifferent【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，富裕國家正在減少現(xiàn)金支付,現(xiàn)金正在因為需求等原因消失?？偟膩碚f,無現(xiàn)金經(jīng)濟的未來是個好消息,但是對于電子支付人們也有一些擔憂。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments.”可知, 富裕國家正競相將支付非物質化；再根據(jù)第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”在過去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售現(xiàn)金交易數(shù)量下降了80％。結合上下文,可知某些富裕國家比如瑞典正在減少現(xiàn)金支付,推廣不用紙幣或硬幣的支付方式,也就是電子支付方式。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”可知在過去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售現(xiàn)金交易數(shù)量下降了80％；再根據(jù)“In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.”可知在中國,數(shù)字支付從2012年占所有支付的4％上升到2017年的34％。瑞典和中國的共同點是現(xiàn)金支付減少,電子支付比例上升,由此可推斷作者提到瑞典和中國是為了說明數(shù)字支付正成為一種不可阻擋的趨勢。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的 “But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets)... Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage oldfashioned customers with heavy fees.”可知現(xiàn)金消失的一個重要原因就是諸如銀行和科技公司（在發(fā)達市場）和電信公司（在新興市場）之類的供應商正在開發(fā)快速,易于使用的支付技術,他們可以從中提取數(shù)據(jù)和小費。運行現(xiàn)金經(jīng)濟背后的基礎架構需要付出高昂的成本,這些基礎設施包括自動取款機,載有紙幣的貨車,接受硬幣的出納員。大多數(shù)金融公司都渴望放棄它,或者以高昂的費用勸阻老式客戶。也就是供應商為了減少成本,獲取數(shù)據(jù)和小費,開發(fā)了更便捷的支付方式,導致現(xiàn)金支付的減少。故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，,作者提到無現(xiàn)金支付即電子支付的好處,也提到電子支付引起的擔憂,對待電子支付是客觀的,故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Throughout our daily lives, we have known plenty of people and will know more. But how can we tell if someone is trustworthy? In a paper published recently in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, researcher gave us the answer. The researchers asked 401 adults from the United States to fill out a questionnaire measuring their guiltproneness (內疚傾向) in different situations as well as several other qualities, and then play a short online game. In this game, Player 1 is given $1, which they can choose to give to Player2. Any money given to Player 2 is then automatically increased to $. Player 2 can then decide whether to keep all of the money or behave in a trustworthy way by returning a portion of the money to Player 1. The researchers found more guiltprone people were more likely to share the money with Player 1. Actually, in followup studies, guiltproneness predicted trustworthiness better than other personality qualities the researchers measured. Why might guilt lead to trustworthy behavior? The researchers found people who were guiltprone also reported feeling an obligation to act in ethical (合乎道德的) and responsible ways while interacting (互動) with their partners in the game. People who are guiltprone tend to avoid engaging in behavior that might harm or disappoint others. If they do something bad, guilt encourages them to try to make things right again. Then, how can we use this research to ascertain whether someone is trustworthy? One way to do this might be observe how they respond to experience regret, lead author Emma Levine, assistant professor at the University of Chicago Levine, explains. Another way is to ask them to describe a difficult dilemma they faced in the past, suggests coauthor Taya Cohen, associate professor at Carnegie Mellon University. This is particularly effective, Cohen and her colleagues have found, because it allows us to see if they39。re concerned about the effects their actions have on others.（1）What may make others feel that we are reliable according to the text? A.Our good qualities to help them out.B.Our tendency to experience guilt.C.Our kind attitude towards them.D.Our team spirit in the game.（2）What may connect guilt with trustworthy behavior? A.A sense of responsibility.B.A feeling of disappointment.C.The way one interacts with others.D.The ability to tell right from wrong.（3）What does the underlined word ascertain in the last paragraph mean? A.AskB.ExpressC.DescribeD.Determine（4）How is the text organized and developed? A.By providin