【文章內容簡介】 行詞；C、在定語從句中擔當一個成分。例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a ，who is shaking hands with my father 是定語從句，修飾先行詞the man，“who”是引導定語從句的關系詞，代替先行詞the man，在定語從句中作主語。（二）關系代詞引導的定語從句1．who 指人，在定語從句中作主語。The boys who are playing football are from Class 。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow 。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his 。That is the teacher who teaches us 。2．whom 指人，在定語從句中做賓語，?？墒÷浴r Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the 。Li Ming is just the boy(whom)I want to 。The professor(whom)you are waiting for has 1 來了。The girl(whom)the teacher often praises is our 。注意：關系代詞whom 在口語或非正式文體中常可用who 來代替，也可省略。The man(whom / who)you met just now is my old ．Which 指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時?？墒÷浴ootball is a game which is liked by most 。The factory which makes puters is far away from 。He likes to read books which are written by foreign 。The house which is by the lake looks 。This is the pen(which)he bought 。The film(which)they went to see last night was not interesting at 。4．That 指人時，相當于who 或whom；指物時，相當于which.。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時?？墒÷浴he number of people that / who e to visit this city each year reaches one 。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那個人在哪兒？The person that /whom you introduced to me is very 。The season that / which es after spring is 。Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from 。5．Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the 。He has a friend whose father is a 。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen 。注意：指物時，常用下列結構來代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be classroom the door of which is broken will soon be you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?（三）“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由“介詞+關系代詞”引出。The school(which / that)he once studied in is very school in which he once studied is very 。Tomorrow I39。ll bring here the magazine(which / that)you asked I’ll bring here the magazine for which you 。This is the boy(whom / who / that)I played tennis with is the boy with whom I played tennis with 。We39。ll go to hear the famous singer(whom / who / that)we have often talked ’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often 。The manager whose pany I work in pays much attention to improving our working The manager in whose pany I work pays much attention to improving our working 。注意：１． 含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。This is the watch(which / that)I am looking for.(正)這是我正在找的手表。This is the watch for which I am looking.(誤)The babies(whom / who / that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy.(正)那個保姆照看的小寶寶們都很健康。The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.（誤）２．若介詞放在關系代詞前，關系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可用who, that；關系代詞指物時只可用which，不可用that。關系代詞是所有格時用whose。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.(正)你剛才跟他談話的那個人是我的鄰居。The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.(誤)The plane in which we flew to Canada was really fortable.(正)我們去加拿大所乘坐的飛機實在很舒服。The plane in that we flew to Canada was really fortable.(誤)３．“介詞+關系代詞”前還可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞。如：He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to ，他們倆待他都很好。In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone ，有些已經(jīng)壞了。There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big ，大多數(shù)來自大城市。Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country 4 今為止，他寫了１０部小說，其中３部是關于農村生活的。（四）關系副詞引導的定語從句1． when 指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。I still remember the day when I first came to this 。The time when we got together finally 。October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was 。Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his ？2． where 指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。Shanghai is the city where I was 。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled 。I visited the farm where a lot of cows were 。Is this the place where they fought the enemy? 這是他們當初打敵人的地方嗎？3． why 指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。Please tell me the reason why you missed the 。The reason why he was punished is unknown to 。I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy 。注意：關系副詞引導的定語從句經(jīng)常可以用“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句來表示。如：From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew ，他就已經(jīng)知道長大后要做什么。Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they 。The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite 。（五）限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號“，”與主句隔開。用逗號“，”與主句隔開。意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達不完整。只是對先行詞的補充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達完整的意思。譯法上譯成先行詞的定語：“．．．的”通常譯成主句的并列句。關系詞的使用上A．作賓語時可省略A．不可省略B．可用thatB．不用thatC．可用who 代替whomC．不可用who 代替whom 6限制性定語從句舉例：The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend 。China is a country which has a long 。In the street I saw a man who was from 。非限制性定語從句舉例 ：His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with ，對他要求很嚴格。China, which was founded in 1949, is being more and more ，現(xiàn)在正變得越來越強大。Last summer I visited the People’s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every ，我參觀了人民大會堂，在那兒每年都要舉行許多重要會議。注意區(qū)分下列幾組句子的不同含義： brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to 。（意含： 她還有其他哥哥。）Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to ，他總是鼓勵她上大學。（意含：她只有一個哥哥。） the books that have pictures in them are well 。（意含： 不帶插圖的書則不一定寫得好。）All the books, which have pictures in them, are well ，這些書都寫得很好。（意含：沒有不帶插圖的書。）（一）限制性定語從句中只能用that 引導定語從句的情況1．當先行詞是everything, anything, nothing(something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等代詞時，或當先行詞受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修 7 飾時。如：Have you taken down everything that said? 李老師講的你都記下來了嗎？There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the 。All that can be done has been 。There is little that I can do for 。He stayed