【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 語從句顯得有點累贅，將其轉(zhuǎn)換成動名詞短語以后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊，表達(dá)也更加簡單。 ? 2. 轉(zhuǎn)換成不定式短語 ? 例 1： It is not unmon that we see that students with high scores display poor petence when doing jobs. ? 優(yōu)化 ： It is not unmon to see that students with high scores display poor petence when doing jobs. ? 分析：主語從句的主語 we不需要體現(xiàn)出來，而且其中又包含一個賓語從句，句子顯得有些冗長，可將主語從句 轉(zhuǎn)換成不定式短語 ，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊，表達(dá)也更加簡單。 ? 3. 轉(zhuǎn)換成“疑問詞 +不定式”結(jié)構(gòu) ? 例 1： Nowadays college students pay more attention to how they should improve their English. ? 優(yōu)化 ： Nowadays college students pay more attention to how to improve their English. ? 分析：賓語從句的主語和主句主語一致，可將其 轉(zhuǎn)換成“疑問詞 +不定式”結(jié)構(gòu) ，這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊，表達(dá)也更加簡單。 我來練練 ? 1： Children learn how they should behave properly both at school and at home. ? 優(yōu)化 ： Children learn how to behave properly both at school and at home. ? 2： If we contrast some libraries with their past glories, they have bee deserted facilities which are scarcely visited by students. ? 優(yōu)化 ： Contrasted with their past glories, some libraries have bee deserted facilities scarcely visited by students. 我來練練 ? 3： Some students say that salary is the most critical factor which influences their choices. ? 優(yōu)化 ： Some students say that salary is the most critical factor influencing their choices. ? 4： The puter may be addictive, the effect of which is not only physical, but also mental, which turns the student inhuman. ? 優(yōu)化 ： The puter may be addictive, the effect of which is not only physical, but also mental, turning the student inhuman. 我來練練 ? 5： It must be realized that people should be cautious when they decide which books they should choose to read since if they read bad books, it will be timewasting and harmful. ? 優(yōu)化 ： It must be realized that people should be cautious when deciding which books to read since reading bad books is timewasting and harmful. 第四講 松散句和掉尾句 ? 一、什么是松散句和掉尾句 ? 簡單地說，松散句指的是“把主要信息放在前面，輔助信息放在后面”的句式；掉尾句指的是“把輔助信息放在前面，主要信息放在后面”的句式。簡單句、并列句和主從復(fù)合句都有松散句和掉尾句之分。 ? 例 1：松散句 ： We have to municate with them from time to time if we don’t want to be fotten by our friends. ? 掉尾句 ： If we don’t want to be fotten by our friends, we have to municate with them from time to time. ? 例 2： 松散句 ： They were sweeping the snow outdoors, hands red with cold. ? 掉尾句 ： Hands red with cold, they were sweeping the snow outdoors. ? 二、如何使用松散句和掉尾句 ? 松散句簡單明了、自然直接，讀者看了前面的部分一般就可以知道句子想表達(dá)的主要意思。松散句常用來自然有序地陳述觀點或羅列事實。 ? 掉尾句則相對復(fù)雜、莊重，讀者在看完整個句子之后才知道它想表達(dá)的是什么意思。掉尾句常用語強調(diào)或達(dá)到某種修飾效果。 ? 例 1： Suburban life will gain more and more popularity among city dwellers with the growing evidence of its superiority over city life. ? 優(yōu)化 ： With the growing evidence of its superiority over city life, suburban life will gain more and more popularity among city dwellers. ? 分析：優(yōu)化后的句子將原來的松散句改為掉尾句， with引出的伴隨狀語被移到句首，起到了突出強調(diào)作用，而且以介詞短語開頭，豐富了句式。 ? 例 2： That living together offers an excellent chance of cooperation is one inparable advantage. ? 優(yōu)化 ： One inparable advantage is that living together offers an excellent chance of cooperation. ? 分析：此句要說明與別人合住的“ One inparable advantage”是什么，但該句使用了掉尾句，將從句放在主句前面，使句子的意思表達(dá)不夠直接明了。因此將其改為松散句，將句子的主要部分放在前面。 我來練練 ? 1： We can win the battle against any other outbreak of calamities only by doing so. ? 優(yōu)化 ： Only by doing so, we can win the battle against any other outbreak of calamities. ? 2： Among the three cities, City B is what I like best. I think we should consider safety and climate first when we choose a city. ? 優(yōu)化 ： Among the three cities, what I like best is City B. When choosing a city, I think, we should consider safety and climate first. 我來練練 ? 3： Let alone the social development, the society will not be peaceful and stable without equality and justice. ? 優(yōu)化 ： Without equality and justice, the society will not be peaceful and stable, let alone the social development. ? 4： The everincreasing pressure produced by overcrowding is one big problem. ? 優(yōu)化 ： One big problem is the everincreasing pressure produced by overcrowding. 我來練練 ? 5： A new pattern of urban living has emerged in most big cities, as many of urban dwellers have moved to the suburban rings in search of cleaner air, greater privacy and a higher quali