【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】
molecules of CO2, one molecule of GTP, and highenergy electrons in the form of NADH and FADH2. The link between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Pyruvate produced by glycolysis is converted into acetyl CoA, the fuel of the citric acid cycle. 1mol葡萄糖在有氧分解時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的 ATP的 mol數(shù) 底物磷酸化( ATP) NADH2 FADH2 葡萄糖 → 2 丙酮酸 2丙酮酸 → 2乙酰 CoA 2乙酰 CoA → 2 CO2 合計(jì) 2 2 2 2 6 2 4 10 2 4+10 +2 =32 4+2 +8 +2 =30 或 糖有氧分解中的能量變化 C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + △ G0’ = 能量利用率 = 32 100 % = 34 % 三羧酸循環(huán)的生物學(xué)意義 產(chǎn)能多,是氧化產(chǎn)能的重要途徑; 是糖、脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化的樞紐; 為體內(nèi)物質(zhì)合成提供中間產(chǎn)物。 TCA循環(huán)是糖、脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化的樞紐 三羧酸循環(huán)的代謝調(diào)節(jié) 三個(gè)限速酶 檸檬酸合成酶 (該途徑關(guān)鍵的限速酶 ) 異檸檬酸脫氫酶 α酮戊二酸脫氫酶系 ATP, NADH, 琥珀 酰 CoA 草 酰 乙酸和乙 酰 CoA 乙醛酸途徑 (glyoxylate pathway) 植物 某些無脊椎動(dòng)物 微生物 The glyoxylate pathway. The glyoxylate cycle allows plants and some microanisms to grow on acetate because the cycle bypasses the decarboxylation steps of the citric acid cycle. The enzymes that permit the conversion of acetate into succinate— isocitrate lyase and malate synthase— are boxed in blue. 乙醛酸途徑 異檸檬酸裂解酶 蘋果酸合酶 2 乙酰 CoA + NAD+ + 2H2O 琥珀酸 + 2 CoASH + NADH + H+ CH3COO + CoASH + ATP CH3COSCoA + H2O + AMP + PPi 乙酰輔酶 A合成酶 乙醛酸途徑的意義 以二碳