【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ）考查介詞。句意：乍一看,這項(xiàng)久享盛名的研究似乎很荒謬,但這并不意味著它缺乏科學(xué)價(jià)值。at first sight固定短語，乍一看；一看到.......就,故填at。 （7）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。這里使用了sth/sb+be+adj+to do的結(jié)構(gòu),故填to discover。 （8）考查語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)。本句的事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生,事情發(fā)生在過去要用一般過去時(shí)。謂語動(dòng)詞publish和主語a followup paper是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。a followup paper是單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)。故填was published。 （9）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。about為介詞,后面的動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞形式,故填breaking。 （10）考查代詞。句意：即使沒有立竿見影的效果,鼓勵(lì)人們?nèi)ビ^察和思考也是好的。根據(jù)句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主語,要用it做形式主語,故填it。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及形容詞，定語從句，主謂一致，名詞，副詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)以及代詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。5．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(每空至多3詞)。 The cave dwelling (Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi39。an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ________ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China. A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) ________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ________ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ________ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling ________ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ________the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province. The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.【答案】 dug；are piled；which；variety；and；as；that；making；lower；the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了延安窯洞的地理位置、建筑風(fēng)格及給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆顜淼囊嫣帯?（1）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這是一種頗具特點(diǎn)在山里挖出的洞屋，用作西北黃土高原農(nóng)民工的棲息之地。house與dig之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用過去分詞dug。故填dug。 （2）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓，入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主句為“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”，主句中存在不定式to form，stonelabs與pile之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且stonelabs為復(fù)數(shù)，因此橫線上需填入被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式are piled。故填are piled。 （3）考查定語從句。句意：厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓，入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。此句為定語從句，先行詞為橫線前的一句話，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。 （4）考查名詞。句意：入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。a variety of固定短語，“各種各樣的”，故填variety。 （5）考查連詞。句意：窯洞的類型分為土溶洞、磚溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling與earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用并列連詞and。故填and。 （6）考查介詞。句意：幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，它們一直被視為陜西省北部農(nóng)民的象征。be regarded as動(dòng)詞短語，“被視為”，故填as。 （7）考查表語從句。句意：窯洞之美在于它們有助于保持當(dāng)?shù)氐牡乩砬闆r。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句為表語從句，且從句中不缺少任何成分應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。 （8）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：通過利用原本閑置的空間來節(jié)約耕地。介詞by后接名詞，題中所給詞性為動(dòng)詞make，因此需使用make的動(dòng)名詞形式making。故填making。 （9）考查形容詞。句意：室內(nèi)溫度通常比冬天室外高13攝氏度，比夏天室外低10攝氏度。通過語境翻譯可知，橫線處意為“比…低”，使用low的比較級(jí)lower。故填lower。 （10）考查冠詞。句意：據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，黃河中上游地區(qū)約有4000萬人居住在窯洞中，窯洞面積約60萬平方公里分布于黃河中上游地區(qū)。“in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地點(diǎn)狀語，表示特指中上游地帶，應(yīng)使用定冠詞，故填the。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，定語從句，名詞，連詞，介詞，表語從句，形容詞以及冠詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 6．閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, ________ (be) a pair of small equal length sticks, usually made of wood, ________( use) for eating Asian food It is believed the first chopsticks ________ (develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. The ________(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province，dating back to roughly 1,200 BC. Chopsticks play, ________important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long and rectangular with a blunt (鈍的) end. They are round on the eating end ________symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because________(maintain) an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl39。s dowry, since the ________(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for quick and son.Chopsticks are ________(frequent) used in daily life. They have bee more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (禮儀) and customs ________their own.【答案】 are；used；were developed；earliest；an；that／which；maintaining；pronunciation；frequently；of 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，講述了筷子在我國的歷史、作用和文化意義。 （1）考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是句子謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)下文的is判斷為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語chopsticks是復(fù)數(shù)，故填are。 （2）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語，use和邏輯主語sticks之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用去