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Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(pare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the;have found;its;environmental;smaller;effects;casually;from;which;pared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章提出了人工塑料滲入到我們生活的方方面面。在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項新研究中,研究人員估計,美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒,這些微粒的長度小于5毫米,再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。主要誘因是飲用瓶裝水。 (1)考查冠詞。句意:自從1907年第一個完全人工塑料被發(fā)明以來。根據(jù)first可知此處用冠詞the。故填the。 (2)考查時態(tài)。句意:人類已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種材料的無數(shù)用途。since引導(dǎo)的時間從句要用一般過去時,主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。分析句子成分可知,主語是humans,故謂語動詞為have found。故填have found。 (3)考查代詞。句意:它已經(jīng)滲入我們的工具、我們的衣服甚至我們的身體。way是名詞,此處應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故填its。 (4)考查形容詞。句意:在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項新研究中。此處要用形容詞修飾名詞science and technology(科學(xué)與技術(shù))。故填environmental。 (5)考查形容詞。句意:美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒,這些微粒的長度小于5毫米,再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。根據(jù)than可知此處要用形容詞比較級。故填smaller。 (6)考查名詞。句意:盡管食用這些小塑料碎片對健康的影響尚不清楚。根據(jù)the health是主語的一部分,可知此處用名詞作主語,且謂語動詞是are,故用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),填effects。 (7)考查副詞。句意:但研究人員強調(diào),人們隨意吞下的塑料碎片的實際數(shù)量令人擔(dān)憂。此處要用副詞修飾動詞swallowing 。故填casually。 (8)考查介詞。句意:最大促成物來自飲用瓶裝水。e from,固定短語,“來自”。故填from。 (9)考查定語從句。句意:瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知,先行詞為drinking bottled water,指物,且作in的賓語,故此處填which。故填which。 (10)考查非謂語動詞。句意:瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來水的32倍多。分析句子可知,the bottle itself與pare在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系。故填pared。 【點評】本題考點涉及冠詞,時態(tài),代詞,形容詞,名詞,介詞,副詞,定語從句以及非謂語動詞的等多個知識點的考查,是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。7.語法填空 Many of the earth39。s plants and animals have already________(die) out, and a hundred species bee ________(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves________ (lonely) on the earth. Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution. I suggest that measures should be taken ________(protect) wildlife. The government should keep people ________destroying forests and shut down the factories ________ pollute rivers and air, I think more wildlife reserves should also be ________(build).【答案】 Died;endangered;alone;forests;a;losing;to protect;from;which/that;built 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,地球上的很多動、植物已經(jīng)滅絕,一百個物種每天都變得瀕臨絕境,我們應(yīng)該采取措施保護野生動植物。 (1)考查時態(tài)。句意:地球上的很多動、植物已經(jīng)滅絕。根據(jù)句意可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),故填died。 (2)考查非謂語動詞。句意:一百個物種每天都變得瀕臨絕境。endangered為形容詞化的分詞形式,意為“瀕臨滅絕的”,故填endangered。 (3)考查形容詞。句意:如果沒有采取措施,我們可能發(fā)現(xiàn)我們自己在地球上獨自存在。alone “獨自的,單獨的”,答案為alone。 (4)考查名詞。句意:野生動物生活在被人正在毀掉的森林里。根據(jù)句意可知名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故答案為forests。 (5)考查冠詞。as a result固定短語,“結(jié)果”,故填a。 (6)考查時態(tài)。句意:動物正在失去它們的棲息地。句子用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài),故填losing。 (7)考查非謂語動詞。此處是動詞不定式做目的狀語,故填to protect。 (8)考查介詞。keep sb. from doing ,“阻止某人做某事”,故填from。 (9)考查定語從句。句意:關(guān)閉污染河流和空氣的工廠。此處factories是先行詞,指物,在后面的定語從句中做主語,故填which/that。 (10)考查語態(tài)。句意:我認(rèn)為還應(yīng)該建立更多的野生動物保護區(qū)。根據(jù)句意可知句子用含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài),故填built。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài),非謂語動詞,形容詞,名詞,冠詞,時態(tài),介詞,定語從句以及語態(tài)等多個知識點的考查,是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。8.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 I remember well the first time I saw Dr. Homes. He had invited Miss Sullivan and me________(call)on him one day. It was early in the spring, just after I had learned to speak. We________(show)at once to his library where we found him seated in a big armchair by an open fire. There was a smell of print and leather in the room________told me that it was full of books, and I stretched out my hand________(gentle) to find them. My fingers lighted upon a beautiful series ________Tennyson39。s poems, and when Miss Sullivan told me________it was I began to recite. But I________(stop) suddenly. I felt tears on my hand. I had made my ________(love) poet weep, and I felt a deep________(sad). He then made me sit in his armchair,________(bring) me different interesting things for me to examine, and at his request I recited other my favorite poems. After that I saw Dr. Holmes many times and learned to love the man as well as the poet.【答案】 to call;were shown;which/that;gently;of;what;stopped;loved/beloved;sadness;bringing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,節(jié)選自海倫凱勒的自傳小說《假如給我三天光明》。作者講述了自己很清楚地記得第一次見到奧利佛溫代爾霍爾姆斯博士時的情景。 (1)考查非謂語動詞。句意:他邀請我和蘇立文小姐去他家做客。invite somebody to do something,固定短語,“邀請某人做......”動詞不定式做賓語補足語,故填to call。 (2)考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:我們立刻被人領(lǐng)到了他的圖書館,他坐在圖書館里的大扶手椅上,靠著壁爐。句子的主語:We,所以是被別人領(lǐng)著,應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài),作者回憶已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事情,所以時態(tài)用過去式,故填were shown。 (3)考查定語從句。句意:房子里面有一股油墨和皮革的味道,這里顯然到處都是書。后面的定語從句修飾先行詞smell,指物,關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語,故填which/that。 (4)考查副詞。句意:于是我輕輕地伸手摸索起來。副詞修飾動詞stretched out,所以填gentle的副詞形式,故填gently。 (5)考查介詞。句意:我的指尖無意中落在了Tennyson的一套詩集上。a series of,固定短語“一套”故填of。 (6)考查賓語從句。句意:當(dāng)Miss Sullivan把詩集的名字告訴我以后,我就開始背誦。動詞told后跟賓語從句,賓語從句中缺少was的表語,詩集叫什么?故填what。 (7)考查時態(tài)。句意:突然間,我停止了背誦。作者回憶已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事情,時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過去式,故填stopped。 (8)考查形容詞。句意:我已經(jīng)使我所鐘愛的詩人落淚。形容詞修飾名詞poet,所以填love的形容詞形式,故填loved/beloved。 (9)考查名詞。句意:我也感到了巨大的憂傷。冠詞和形容詞都提示應(yīng)該填名詞,所以要填sad的名詞形式,故填sadness。 (10)考查非謂語動詞。句意:他讓我坐在他的扶手椅上,同時,他還拿出了很多有趣的東西讓我查驗。he與bring在邏輯上是主動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該用bring現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語。故填bringing。 【點評】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞,時態(tài)語態(tài),定語從句,副詞,介詞,賓語從句,名詞以及形容詞等多個知識點的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。9.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The People39。s Republic of China marked its 70th anniversary on Tuesday with a series of National Day celebrations at the heart of the country39。s capital. The massive events in Tian39。anmen Square, such as ________unique military parade, massive Pageantry(盛典), ________ (design)to be environmenta