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英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)題及答案含解析(編輯修改稿)

2025-04-05 01:52 本頁(yè)面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, ________ (remain) within their fort zone. This is why they don39。t fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never ________ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress. ________ is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型) for his newest vacuum before ing up with the design ________ made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put ________: You can39。t develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention. In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don39。t like to admit to failure, partly because they have strongegos (自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (訴訟). The consequence is that ________ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes ________ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. ________ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.【答案】 if / when;To stretch;remaining;failing;What;which / that;it;instead of;are repeated;Until / Unless 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文,只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗,才能真正成功,作者用這個(gè)道理告訴美國(guó)的醫(yī)療保健部門只有學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗,醫(yī)療事故的情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)。 (1)考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意:但矛盾的是,我們的孩子只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗,才能真正成功。根據(jù)句意可知此處既可以用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,表示如果……,也可用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示當(dāng)……的時(shí)候,故填if / when。 (2)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:為了突破自己的局限,他們一直在努力。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示目的,應(yīng)該用不定式做目的狀語(yǔ),故填To stretch。 (3)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他們總是嘗試他們已經(jīng)做得很容易的動(dòng)作,保持在他們的舒適區(qū)內(nèi)。They與remain之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,表示主動(dòng),用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ),故填remaining。 (4)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:在實(shí)踐中從不失敗會(huì)阻礙他們進(jìn)步。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處用動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ),故填failing。 (5)考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意:生活中的情況和滑冰的情況是一樣的。此處為主語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少主語(yǔ),故填What。 (6)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:詹姆斯戴森為最新款的吸塵器設(shè)計(jì)了5126個(gè)原型,然后才想出了這個(gè)讓他大賺一筆的設(shè)計(jì)。此處為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為design,指物,關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ),故填which / that。 (7)考查代詞。句意:正如戴森所說(shuō)的:除非你測(cè)試新想法,并在事情出錯(cuò)時(shí)學(xué)習(xí),否則你不會(huì)開(kāi)發(fā)出新技術(shù),失敗是發(fā)明的基礎(chǔ)。as someone puts it固定句式。正如某人所說(shuō)表示。put it表達(dá)......故填it。 (8)考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意:結(jié)果是,醫(yī)療保健往往掩蓋失敗,而不是從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示而不是,故填instead of。 (9)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:其直接后果是一再地犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。陳述的是客觀事實(shí),mistakes 與repeat之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故填are repeated。 (10)考查連詞。句意:除非醫(yī)療保健學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗,否則情況不會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)(直到醫(yī)療保健學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗,情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn))。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示除非或直到,故填Until / Unless。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及狀語(yǔ)從句,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句,代詞,介詞短語(yǔ),時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)以及連詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇人生感悟類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。6.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot________(deal)with such games by the end of this century. That is the prediction of a recent study. It39。s not just the Olympics that________ (be) at risk now. The world of winter sports is changing as the global climate continues warming, says Daniel Scott, ________climatechange researcher in Canada. He led a team of researchers, ________used math to predict how winter conditions will have changed by February 2050 and 2080. February is the month when the Olympic winter games are________(typical) played. Scott and his team forecast temperatures and snow cover for the 19 cities that have already hosted Winter Olympics, and two________(addition) cities: PyeongChang, South Korea,and Beijing, China, where the 2022 Winter Olympics will be held. Scott39。s team________(start) with looking at historic winter conditions, and then used puter models to predict conditions in the ( they) model predicted that by2050,the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host cities will rise by degrees Celsius. These temperatures can affect the quality of snow, thus________(increase)the chance of accidents.【答案】 to deal;are;a;who;typically;additional;started;Their;to;increasing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,一項(xiàng)研究預(yù)測(cè),到本世紀(jì)末,一半以上的前冬奧會(huì)主辦城市將會(huì)太熱而無(wú)法舉行這樣的比賽。 (1)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:到本世紀(jì)末,一半以上的前冬奧會(huì)主辦城市將因天氣太熱而無(wú)法舉辦此類賽事。too…to…固定句式,“太.....而不能.....”,故填to deal。 (2)考查主謂一致。句意:現(xiàn)在不僅是奧運(yùn)會(huì)面臨危險(xiǎn)。本句the Olympics后面接的是定語(yǔ)從句,并且the Olympics在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和主語(yǔ)保持一致,用復(fù)數(shù),故填are。 (3)考查冠詞。句意:“隨著全球氣候持續(xù)變暖,冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)的世界正在發(fā)生變化,”加拿大的一個(gè)氣候變化研究員,丹尼爾斯科特說(shuō)。本句中氣候變化研究員為單數(shù),應(yīng)用冠詞a修飾,表示泛指一個(gè),故填a。 (4)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一組研究人員,他們用數(shù)學(xué)來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)到2050年2月和2080年冬天的情況會(huì)發(fā)生怎樣的變化??蘸鬄榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句,先行詞為a team of researchers,指人,在從句中做主語(yǔ),應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who,故填who。 (5)考查副詞。句意:2月是冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)舉行的典型月份??罩械脑~用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are played做狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)用副詞,故填typically。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:斯科特和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)預(yù)測(cè)了已經(jīng)舉辦冬奧會(huì)的19個(gè)城市的氣溫和積雪,以及另外兩個(gè)城市:韓國(guó)平昌,和中國(guó)北京,2022年冬奧會(huì)將在那里舉行。此處用來(lái)修飾名詞cities作定語(yǔ),應(yīng)用形容詞,故填additional。 (7)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:斯科特的研究小組開(kāi)始研究了歷史上的冬季情況,然后使用計(jì)算機(jī)模型來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)的情況??罩械脑~和used做并列謂語(yǔ),時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致,都用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填started。 (8)考查代詞。句意:他們的模型預(yù)測(cè)到2050年??罩械脑~用來(lái)修飾名詞作定語(yǔ),應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞,故填their。 (9)考查介詞。句意:他們的模型預(yù)測(cè)到2050年。根據(jù)句意可知是“到”,故填to。 (10)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這些溫度會(huì)影響雪的質(zhì)量,從而增加發(fā)生事故的機(jī)會(huì)。此處作狀語(yǔ),同它的邏輯主語(yǔ)these temperatures之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞,填increasing。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,主謂一致,冠詞,定語(yǔ)從句,副詞,形容詞,時(shí)態(tài),代詞以及介詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知
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