【正文】 , it is a mirror.” Senior: Strategies used by the teacher and the student: (Knowledgebased learning) Taking notes: (T wrote all language points on the board。EFL Teacher Education 09: Strategic Interaction JT Strategic interaction in the Junior EFL classroom: Teacher’s perspectives 初中英語(yǔ)課堂策略互動(dòng)：教師視角 外語(yǔ)研修部 黃軍生 May 25, 2023 Orientation … Today’s topics: ? Rationale for strategic interaction ? Understanding language learning strategies ? Exploring the interactive integration: Learning strategies in the ECS Learning strategies integrated in textbooks Learner knowledge strategy use Strategies as goaldriven actions Strategies as taskfocused actions Strategies as situated actions ? Conclusion Elements involved in today’s seminar: Theme: Strategic interaction Elements: ? Language learning strategy (LLS) theories ? The new English Curriculum Standards (ECS) (MOE, 2023, 2023) ? Research data ? Textbook analyses ? My interpretations based on research, practice, and experience ? My suggestions for the Junior EFL classroom instruction A story of a strategic learner (A successful EFL learner) Initial stage: “Interest is my best teacher.” (The learner recalled) “Compared with Chinese, English is in reverse order.” (Father) Junior: A chant taught in his first English lesson: “One two three four five, once I caught a fish alive. Three four five six seven, but this fish slipped off my hand.” (Teacher) 3 findings: (1) Not always in reverse order。 (2) Rhymes (., five, alive)。 S made a “grammar book” by pooling together all the notes)。 Summarizing: “Adding bits and pieces to build up my own English mansion.” Setting grammatical questions: “Grammar is dead, but language is alive.” (T) Understanding changes in English: “English changes at 2 levels: words and sentences.” (The learner) Understanding grammar: ., the principle of simplification。 “The essential difference between Chinese and English is grammar, which reflects the differences in thinking and cultures.” (Learner) Imitating: “A good English learner is a smart imitator.” “I learned English in the way of studying science and technology.” Tertiary: Strategies used by the learner his peers (Selfaccess study。 issue 問(wèn)題難不倒“一休” 。 success in the English corner.” Topic discussions English debates Creating an environment for English learning Using podcast to “sit in” university seminars in the . “I’m honored to be given a nickname, Mr. Dictionary.” The story tells us that … the learner has his own story of strategy use for English learning. he uses strategies at different stages. his learning strategies involve not only actions but also knowledge and beliefs about himself and his learning process. his story of strategy use is a mental journey situated in particular learning cultures and munities and related to others. he starts with interest, sustains progress through strategy use, and achieves the selfregulation, … … and his story will continue … 1. Rationale for strategic interaction ? An example for strategic interaction Player (Ren?ai, G8a, U1) “Oh, yes, play … player.” (Word formation) “Good, they?re both basketball players (Acting out).” (Collocation) (Gesture) “Yeah, McGrady and Yao Ming are teammates.” “Teammates? (Asking for clarification) “Yes, ?team?, we all know the word。 ? enabling Ss to learn how to learn and use English。 ? making Ss undertake more responsibilities for learning。 ? expanding the role of teachers。 ? Sociolinguistic petence An understanding of the social context in munication。 ? Strategic petence The ability to use strategies to pensate for limited language knowledge. (Canale Swain, 1980。 Stern, 1975。 An awareness of learning styles and strategies。 A concern for language form。 Monitoring of the learning process。 Stern, 1975。 consequently, they may be represented as procedural knowledge which may be acquired through cognitive, associative, and autonomous stages of learning.” (O?Malley Chamot, 1990: 52) Session 1 Definition 3: as “(1) language learning behaviors learners actually engage in to learn and regulate the learning of a second language。 (3) what learners know about aspects of their language learning …” (Wenden, 1987: 67) Definition 4: as “actions and steps taken by students to enhance their learning and development.” (MOE, 2023: 23。 Steps taken by Ss to enhance learning。 (Strategies, tactics or techniques) Both direct and indirect procedures。 Task and contextdependent。 using word lists ? Cognitive strategies (for reasoning, analyzing, summarizing, practicing) ., rehearsal。 gestures。 attention。 reward ? Social strategies (for learning with others) ., asking for correction。 selftalk ? Resource strategies (for obtaining resources needed in learning) ., using resource and reference books。 2023) Session 1 Five specific objectives: Language knowledge: Pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, functions, topics。 Learning strategies: Cognitive, controlling, municative, resource strategies。 Affective attitudes: Interest and motivation, confidence and consistency, cooperation,and international outlook。 Controlling strategies (8 items)。 Resource strategies (4 items) (MOE, 2023: 24) ? Learning strategies integrated in textbooks Strategies in “Project English” (Ren?ai) Generally implicit and partly explicit Discussed in terms of “l(fā)earning methods” Associated with learner difficulties My interpretation: “Learning strategies emerge from learning goals, learner needs and difficulties, task performance, and varying situations.” An example unit (Ren