【正文】 k of poet in British is Poet Laureate,which it award to every distinguished poet including both males and ,rarly had it probably honored a poet of Poetess like hostess is widely accepted by people in bar ,which its meaning had been same as in the terms of JewessNegrss and QuakeressThe suffix ofette includes three first one aims at small size,such as “cigarette(香煙)” and “kitchenette(小廚房）”.The second level is artifical ,such as “Leatherette(人造皮）”.The third level derives from the last two meanings which discloses the oweakness of woman and subordinates to a result ,it discininates against woman are unfairly the turn of 19 century and 20 century ,“Suffragette”was frequently used by women who wanted to strive rights for ,the public and media used it with like aviatrix(女飛行員），executrix(女執(zhí)行官）and dominatrix(母夜叉)added the suffix oftrix,which all present an insular prejudice towards are so weak and fragile that they need obey to Sexism in pound wordsIn addition to sex discrimination in suffixes,pounding is a good example wordformationof mon words made by “man” and “woman”for one hand,there are a great many words with “man”,like human,policeman,chairman,businessman,sportsman,superman,mankind,postman,Englishman,airman,salesman,clergyman,kinsman,countryman, the word “woman”is made up of “ these words should refer only to the male,while in fact,the meanings of these words also cover woman,which is obviously unfair to the ,this kind of words are regarded as masculine words in to the point of view in English history,it inherits wordformation principle of Latin and old English in grammar such kinds of words empasize masculine in word the sametime,it also stresses that all things are done by the mmale, not the female in practical is quite unfair to the the other hand,in social life,pepole always regard women with a woman is engaged in noble cases,she will face much more difficulties than the following meaning of words also show that the words made up of”woman”mainly emphasize the characteristics of women who are engaged in some kind of profession or belong to a certain of example,(1)Womankind: female human beings(2)Chairwoman: a woman presiding officer of an assembly meeting,mittee or board(3)Womanpower:the power of woman physcial strength(4)Policewoman: a woman who is in a member of a police force(5)Womanhood:the state of being a woman。sexism。關(guān)鍵詞：語言；英語詞匯；性別歧視ABSTRACTEnglish is not only a language tool, but also an ideological of the language can faithfully reflect the culture it serves such as oxford advanced learner39。所以對(duì)性別歧視了解的越多，避免的困難也就越多。牛津高級(jí)字典是這樣解釋的：“不平等的對(duì)待人，尤其是對(duì)女性，因?yàn)樗齻兊男詣e”。第三篇：論英語中的性別歧視景德鎮(zhèn)陶瓷學(xué)院科技藝術(shù)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）題目：Sexism in English Vocabulary 學(xué) 號(hào)： 姓 名： 院（系）： 專 業(yè)： 完成時(shí)間： 指導(dǎo)老師：CONTENTS Acknowledgements…………………………………………..Abstract in Chinese…………………………………….Abstract in English…………………………………….……………………………………………… in wordformation methods……………….. Suffixes…………………………………………. Sexism in pound words…………………….. in Naming and Addressing………………….. Sexism and Naming………………………………. Sexism in the first names……………….. Derivation of Female Names from Male Names…….. Sexism in Semantic Naming of First Names………. Sexism in the family names…………… Patrilineal System of Family Names Change of Female Family Names upon marriage Sexism and Addressing………. Sexism in Addressing Terms….. Social Titles upon Relationship with Male… Derogation of Female Honorific Titles……………. Abusive Addressing Patterns……………….. in Proverb and Slang…………………………….. Sexism in Proverb…………………………………………… Sexism in Slang……………………………………… ……………………………………………………..……………………………………………………ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor Hou Xiaohua,my supervisor,for her constant and inspiring guidance and has walked me through all the stages of writing of the her constant and illuminating instruction,this thesis could not have reached its present ,i would like to expree my heartfelt gratitude to all the teachers who taught me when i have striving for my Bachelor Degree for their excellent lectures and inspiring , my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis摘要英語不僅是一種語言工具，也是一種意識(shí)形態(tài)工具。[9](美)埃萊娜?.《新女權(quán)批評(píng)》及序言[Ｍ].紐約:潘修恩圖書公司,1987。[7] 王德春,孫汝建,[Ｍ].上海:上海外語教育出版社,1995。[4] 穆鳳良,[Ｊ].外語與外語教學(xué),1998。[2] [Ｊ].寧波大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2004, 第1期。因此,“女性運(yùn)動(dòng)要取得實(shí)質(zhì)性的進(jìn)展,不是依靠女性自身就能完成的,不僅需要世界范圍內(nèi)廣大女性的團(tuán)結(jié),更需要尋求作為人類另一半的男性的支持與配合,因此更有必要加強(qiáng)與男性的溝通和協(xié)商。強(qiáng)調(diào)性別差異的重要性是必要的,但它只是過渡性的,女性不能只作為女性說話,男性也不能只作為男性說話。”[9](P267)性別歧視的改觀不能等待男權(quán)的施舍,要女性自我的覺醒,要女性自己的參與。語言中性別歧視的真正消除,只能寄希望于在社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)中,男女真正的平等。語言對(duì)社會(huì)的反映 經(jīng)歷了漫長(zhǎng)的過程。若要消除語言包括人際稱謂系統(tǒng)中的性別歧視現(xiàn)象,首先需根除社會(huì)上存在的性別歧視觀念,語言的變革只有在社會(huì)變革的基礎(chǔ)上才能最終實(shí)現(xiàn)。而且，“語言是社會(huì)的一面鏡子,語言中所折射出的性別差異和性別歧視現(xiàn)象并不是由語言符號(hào)本身的自然屬性決定的,而是特定社會(huì)的價(jià)值觀念和民族思維方式在語言中的必然反映。她們批評(píng)并激烈地改變既存語言,大膽地進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作實(shí)驗(yàn),使用新詞、新拼寫、新語法結(jié)構(gòu)、新意象和新隱喻以遠(yuǎn)離父權(quán)語言的權(quán)威結(jié)構(gòu),為女性尋求一片新的話語空間?！盵7](P331)傳統(tǒng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)句法和確定的文類都代表父權(quán)制話語結(jié)構(gòu)。四、結(jié)論在使用上面談到的方法、對(duì)策時(shí)，我們一定要把握一個(gè)“度”，具體使用那一種方法、對(duì)策要取決于它能否使我們的寫作、會(huì)話順利進(jìn)行并達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果。沒有女人就沒有男人的成功。應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)婦女不應(yīng)該被忽視。在英語學(xué)習(xí)中,教師首先要規(guī)范自己的語言,在課堂上盡量避免帶有性別偏見的語句。改變對(duì)女性的否定態(tài)度,語言的改革也是重要的一環(huán)。s/he僅僅可以用于備忘錄(memos)，便條(notes)，或者非正式的交談之中。例如：actress →actor, administratrix →administrator ,suffragette →suffragist, usherette→ usher ,edienne→ ，如果不知道收信人的具體性別時(shí)，最好不要使用傳統(tǒng)的Dear Sir, Dear Gentleman, Dear Madam, 可用工作職稱代替以免出現(xiàn)差錯(cuò)。我們從英語性別歧視詞的轉(zhuǎn)換方式和如何選用恰當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞來消除性別歧視問題的對(duì)策這幾個(gè)方面來進(jìn)行介紹和討論?！盵6](P219)三、消除英語語言中性別歧視的方法隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展和婦女社會(huì)地位的不斷提高，尤其是隨著美國(guó)女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的高漲，消除語言中的性別歧視的呼聲越來越高?！?[6](P210)根據(jù)1980年的聯(lián)合國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì),男性擁有世界資源的99%,而女性擁有的資源不到1%。雖然女性享有就業(yè)、選舉、教育等等同男性一樣的權(quán)利,然而女性仍然處于社會(huì)的邊緣,被認(rèn)為是“弱者”(the weaker sex)和“他者”(the other)。在英語中用男性物主代詞his指代包括女性在內(nèi)的任何人的現(xiàn)象也不勝枚舉。（三）、生理原因記的有人寫道：在醫(yī)院的育嬰室里，每個(gè)剛出生的嬰兒的小床上都有說明性別的標(biāo)記，上面清楚寫著：“I am a boy”或“It is a girl”.這里男孩的稱呼是I, 而女孩卻用it。在英語中，受傳統(tǒng)觀念的影響，對(duì)女性的語言歧視已經(jīng)成為了一種惡性循環(huán)。直到二十世紀(jì),婦女的地位有了很大的改善,但是社會(huì)化偏見是在社會(huì)化的過程中，通過社會(huì)群體，父母，親友，伙伴的言傳身教和大眾傳媒（廣播，電影，電視，報(bào)紙）獲得的。為了使婦女處于這樣的地位,統(tǒng)治者便借助法律令女性屈服和受制于丈夫,于是,各種約束婦女的各種社會(huì)規(guī)范和習(xí)俗開始形成。“