【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 語(yǔ)言是社會(huì)的一面鏡子,語(yǔ)言中所折射出的性別差異和性別歧視現(xiàn)象并不是由語(yǔ)言符號(hào)本身的自然屬性決定的,而是特定社會(huì)的價(jià)值觀念和民族思維方式在語(yǔ)言中的必然反映?！盵8](P287)語(yǔ)言本身是中性的,但語(yǔ)言的使用者卻可以按照其社會(huì)觀念和價(jià)值觀念,賦予語(yǔ)言一定的語(yǔ)用色彩。若要消除語(yǔ)言包括人際稱(chēng)謂系統(tǒng)中的性別歧視現(xiàn)象,首先需根除社會(huì)上存在的性別歧視觀念,語(yǔ)言的變革只有在社會(huì)變革的基礎(chǔ)上才能最終實(shí)現(xiàn)。從以上論述可以看到女性要獲得自身的真正解放與不平等要做不懈努力。語(yǔ)言對(duì)社會(huì)的反映 經(jīng)歷了漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程。舊的歧視清除了,新的歧視還會(huì)反映到語(yǔ)言中來(lái)。語(yǔ)言中性別歧視的真正消除,只能寄希望于在社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)中,男女真正的平等?！八骶w爾認(rèn)為語(yǔ)言不僅是交際工具,還是思想的載體,沒(méi)有語(yǔ)言作為載體和工具,人的思維也就無(wú)法發(fā)展?！盵9](P267)性別歧視的改觀不能等待男權(quán)的施舍,要女性自我的覺(jué)醒,要女性自己的參與。在強(qiáng)勢(shì)和弱勢(shì)文化的交匯中,同樣需要弱勢(shì)文化自身的努力。強(qiáng)調(diào)性別差異的重要性是必要的,但它只是過(guò)渡性的,女性不能只作為女性說(shuō)話,男性也不能只作為男性說(shuō)話。要走出性歧視的誤區(qū),出路在于語(yǔ)言的中性化,而實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言的中性化,在于不斷提高語(yǔ)言覺(jué)悟。因此,“女性運(yùn)動(dòng)要取得實(shí)質(zhì)性的進(jìn)展,不是依靠女性自身就能完成的,不僅需要世界范圍內(nèi)廣大女性的團(tuán)結(jié),更需要尋求作為人類(lèi)另一半的男性的支持與配合,因此更有必要加強(qiáng)與男性的溝通和協(xié)商?！盵10](P113)參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 鄧炎昌,[Ｍ].北京:外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社,1989。[2] [Ｊ].寧波大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2004, 第1期。[3] [Ｍ].成都:四川辭書(shū)出版社,1994。[4] 穆鳳良,[Ｊ].外語(yǔ)與外語(yǔ)教學(xué),1998。[6] 讓?雅克?[Ｍ].上海:上海人民出版社,2003。[7] 王德春,孫汝建,[Ｍ].上海:上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社,1995。[8] [Ｊ].四川外語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)式化報(bào),1999。[9](美)埃萊娜?.《新女權(quán)批評(píng)》及序言[Ｍ].紐約:潘修恩圖書(shū)公司,1987。[10][Ｊ].四川外語(yǔ)學(xué)院,1995。第三篇：論英語(yǔ)中的性別歧視景德鎮(zhèn)陶瓷學(xué)院科技藝術(shù)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）題目：Sexism in English Vocabulary 學(xué) 號(hào)： 姓 名： 院（系）： 專(zhuān) 業(yè)： 完成時(shí)間： 指導(dǎo)老師：CONTENTS Acknowledgements…………………………………………..Abstract in Chinese…………………………………….Abstract in English…………………………………….……………………………………………… in wordformation methods……………….. Suffixes…………………………………………. Sexism in pound words…………………….. in Naming and Addressing………………….. Sexism and Naming………………………………. Sexism in the first names……………….. Derivation of Female Names from Male Names…….. Sexism in Semantic Naming of First Names………. Sexism in the family names…………… Patrilineal System of Family Names Change of Female Family Names upon marriage Sexism and Addressing………. Sexism in Addressing Terms….. Social Titles upon Relationship with Male… Derogation of Female Honorific Titles……………. Abusive Addressing Patterns……………….. in Proverb and Slang…………………………….. Sexism in Proverb…………………………………………… Sexism in Slang……………………………………… ……………………………………………………..……………………………………………………ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor Hou Xiaohua,my supervisor,for her constant and inspiring guidance and has walked me through all the stages of writing of the her constant and illuminating instruction,this thesis could not have reached its present ,i would like to expree my heartfelt gratitude to all the teachers who taught me when i have striving for my Bachelor Degree for their excellent lectures and inspiring , my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis摘要英語(yǔ)不僅是一種語(yǔ)言工具，也是一種意識(shí)形態(tài)工具。性別歧視這一文化觀念反映在語(yǔ)言的詞匯學(xué)中。牛津高級(jí)字典是這樣解釋的：“不平等的對(duì)待人，尤其是對(duì)女性，因?yàn)樗齻兊男詣e”。本篇論文將從英語(yǔ)詞匯構(gòu)詞法、詞義、稱(chēng)謂語(yǔ)及諺語(yǔ)和俚語(yǔ)分析英語(yǔ)詞匯中的性別歧視。所以對(duì)性別歧視了解的越多，避免的困難也就越多。這是很有實(shí)際意義的。關(guān)鍵詞：語(yǔ)言；英語(yǔ)詞匯；性別歧視ABSTRACTEnglish is not only a language tool, but also an ideological of the language can faithfully reflect the culture it serves such as oxford advanced learner39。s dictionary explains it as below: the unfair treatment of people, especially women, because of their article will discuss sexism that exists in English lexicon in terms of word formation ,word meaning ,naming and addressing terms ,as well as proverb and slang the more you know it, the better you will avoid , the present research has important practical words： language；English word。sexism。Sexism，according to Oxford Advanced Learner?s EnglishChinese Dictionary is defined as prejudice or discrimination against people()because of their sex。and according to Longman Dictionary of Comtenporary English ,sexism is defined as ideas and believe that menbers of one(usually man)sex are more able and clever than theode of the other is manifest in all forms of behavior from subtle gestures and especially language to exploitation and oppression，and in all human institutions from the family to the multinational corporation(Paula S．Rothenberg 1988：21)． It affirms the dominance of men over women，jnst as Rosemary Radford Ruether(1993：165)holds that“sexism is gender privilege of males over females．It is males primarily who have originated this form of oppression，benefited from it，and perpetuated it，legally and ideologically．”In this sense，it keeps women in second．classstatus，denies them their rights to control their own bodies，and denies personal，mental，and physical safety；it reinforces the false notion that any man who is gentle，flexible，passionateor gay bees“feminine”and thereby loses status and respect． in word formationWord formation is one of the elements in language from which we can find many examples of most obvious one is the word “history”,which it bines words “his”and “story”.It claimed that the history belonged to man not the general,it is divided in to two categories,adding suffixes and Adding suffixes Addingtress is mon among words like ,actress,authoress,sculptress and it sometimes awarded some outlanding achievements of women,the importance of its role isn?t the same as instance,we usually call a man of a general manager,rather than a general highest rank of poet in British is Poet Laureate,which it award to every distinguished poet including both males and ,rarly had it probably honored a poet of Poetess like hostess is widely accepted by people in bar ,which its meaning had been same as in the terms of JewessNegrss and QuakeressThe suffix ofette includes three first one aims at small size,such as “cigarette(香煙)” and “kitchenette(小廚房）”.The second level is artifical ,such as “Leatherette(人造皮）”.The third level derives from the last two meanings which discloses the oweakness of woman and subordinates to a result ,it discininates against woman are unfairly the turn of 19 century and 20 century ,“Suffragette”was frequently used by women who wanted to strive rights for ,the public and media used it with like aviatrix(女飛行員），executrix(女執(zhí)行官）and dominatrix(母夜叉)added the suffix oftrix,which all present an insular prejudice towards are so weak and f