【正文】 用，而且是流行的和實(shí)際的。(so that)The weather forecast is very important so that we can decide when to go to sea.4. 炮聲打破了往常周日早晨的寧靜，人們強(qiáng)烈預(yù)感到戰(zhàn)爭就要來臨。(charge)It is simply unbelievable for him to charge 500 dollars for a haircut.2. 人民賦予你特權(quán)，你就應(yīng)該全心全意為人民服務(wù)。如果是普通的、沒有秘密可言的私人信件，是不會有什么商業(yè)價值和版權(quán)標(biāo)識意義的(％的電子郵件那樣)，即使提起訴訟，也不會得到任何賠償金的。坦率地說，由于普通信件沒什么商業(yè)價值，那些對此提起訴訟的人通常是不會得到賠償金的，但如果你想要在法律上站得住腳，最好事先征得郵件發(fā)送人的同意。所以收到別人給你發(fā)送的郵件你當(dāng)然可以報道和公開它的內(nèi)容。你自己寫的所有的電子郵件都是有版權(quán)的。 10) They ed me a copy, so I can post it.” To have a copy is not to have the copyright. All the Email you write is copyrighted. However, Email is not unless previously agreed. So you can certainly report on what Email you are sent, and reveal what it says. You can even quote parts of it to demonstrate. Frankly, somebody who sues over an ordinary message would almost surely get no damages, because the message has no mercial value, but if you want to stay strictly in the law, you should ask first. On the other hand, don’t go nuts if somebody posts Email you sent them. If it was an ordinary nonsecret personal letter of minimal mercial value with no copyright notice (like % of all Email), you probably won’t get any damages if you sue them.10)他們通過電子郵件發(fā)給我—個副本，所以我可以將它張貼出去。通常這樣做并非太難。如果他們需要，他們肯定會與你聯(lián)系。　9) It doesn’t hurt anybody – in fact it’s free advertising.” It’s up to the owners to decide if they want the free ads or not. If they want them, they will be sure to contact you. Don’t rationalize whether it hurts the owners or not, ask them. Usually that’s not too hard to do. Even if you can’t think of how the author or owner gets hurt, think about the fact that piracy on the net hurts everybody who wants a chance to use this wonderful new technology to do more than read other people’s flamewars. 　 　9)它不會傷害任何人，事實(shí)上這是免費(fèi)廣告。曾有這樣一個案例：—個未收費(fèi)的BBS盜版者被宣告無罪，就因為他沒有收費(fèi)。因此，你得小心。如果你違反了版權(quán)法，你不會以—個罪犯的名義遭到起訴，但通常會受到民事訴訟。 7)They can’t get me, defendants in court have powerful rights!” Copyright law is mostly civil law. If you violate copyright you would not be charged with a crime, but usually get sued. 7)他們不可能把我怎么樣，在法庭上被告也有特權(quán)。因此如果你撰寫的故事要用他人作品中的背景或人物。錯。沒有特定的上下義， 兩者都不能單獨(dú)擁有這個單詞的版權(quán)保護(hù)，因此擁有一個標(biāo)記并不意味著擁有完全的支配權(quán)。例如蘋果”電腦，雖然蘋果只是一個普通的單詞，但只有用于電腦時，蘋果電腦才擁有它。你也不能取得某個名字或類似的縮略詞的版權(quán)，幾乎所有標(biāo)題本身都不可以有版權(quán)。錯。合理使用通常只是一條簡短的摘錄。你做過這樣的事嗎?由于你自己沒有時間寫文章，或是為了讓你的讀者免受給《紐約時報》網(wǎng)站繳費(fèi)之累，于是就從《紐約時報》上復(fù)制一篇。這一規(guī)定非常重要，有了這一規(guī)定版權(quán)法就不會成為妨礙你自由地發(fā)表作品的絆腳石。”　4) My posting was just fair use!” The fair use” exemption to (.) copyright law was created to allow things such as mentary, parody, news reporting, research and education about copyrighted works without the permission of the author. That’s important so that copyright law doesn’t block your freedom to express your own works. Intent and damage to the mercial value of the work are important considerations. Are you reproducing an article from the New York Times because you couldn’t find time to write your own story, or didn’t want your readers to have to pay for the New York Times web site? They aren’t fair use”. Fair use is usually a short excerpt. 　 　4)我的帖子只是合理使用?，F(xiàn)代社會里任何東西都要受到版權(quán)限制，除非所有者明確表示它不受版權(quán)限制。　 3) If it’s posted to Usenet it’s in the public domain.” False. Nothing modern is in the public domain anymore unless the owner explicitly puts it in the public domain. Explicitly, as you have a note from the author/owner saying, I grant this to the public domain.” 　3)如果已被發(fā)送到世界性的新聞組網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)(Usenet)的材料，那就不受版權(quán)限制。不過法庭上似乎有這種說法，個人拷貝不包括像納帕斯特那樣的大規(guī)模匿名復(fù)制行為。而且如果危及到他人財產(chǎn)的商業(yè)價值，仍然會被罰以大額賠償金。你是否收費(fèi)可能對法庭上判罰金的額度有所影響，但那只是在這一法律條文下量刑的主要區(qū)別。 　2) If I don’t charge for it, it’s not a violation.” False. Whether you charge can affect the damages awarded in court, but that’s the main difference under the law. It’s still a violation if you give it away – and there can still be serious damages if you hurt the mercial value of the property. There is an exception for personal copying of music, which is not a violation, though courts seem to have said that doesn’t include widescale anonymous personal copying as Napster. If the work has no mercial value, the violation is mostly technical and is unlikely to result in legal action. 2)如果我沒有為此收費(fèi)，就不算侵權(quán)。這在過去是事實(shí)，但現(xiàn)在情況就有所不同了，幾乎所有大國郵遵循伯爾尼版權(quán)協(xié)定，比如，在美國， 自1989年4月1日后， 幾乎所有個人創(chuàng)作以及原創(chuàng)的作品，不管它是否有版權(quán)標(biāo)識，都受到版權(quán)保護(hù)。s message to the premier.5. 這個女孩決定敞開心扉，把她看見的一切都告訴警方。s health while going to bed early and getting up early will benefit it.4. 大使親自向總理轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)了總統(tǒng)的問候。(as for)As for her father, she is not sure whether he will accept her and her baby.3. 晚睡會損害健康而早睡早起有益于健康。　　1. 要是他適合當(dāng)校長，那么哪個學(xué)生都可以當(dāng)?！TMany of us have also learned to bee far better listeners thanks to the Internet. Not only do we choose our words more carefully but we (especially those who municate via as opposed to chat rooms) are forced to wait until the other person finishes before we can speak or respond.由于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的緣故，我們中的許多人已經(jīng)學(xué)會更好地傾聽。我們透徹地懂得將詞語簡單地組合起來就能損害、傷害和冒犯他人，也可以表現(xiàn)幽默和提供幫助、支持和鼓勵。從事研究的可能和上網(wǎng)與人聯(lián)系就是兩個這樣的機(jī)會?！?5) We’re connected: Members of the Digital Culture know full well that there is a wealth of important information and lifechanging opportunities out there in cyberspace. The Web has opened doors for many of us that otherwise would never have been an option. Research possibilities and networking are just two such opportunities. ?。?）我們聯(lián)到一起了：參與數(shù)字文化的人都非常了解，網(wǎng)上有大量重要信息，并能提供許多改變他們生活的機(jī)遇。這很好，因為它不僅會給其貌不揚(yáng)的人機(jī)會，也會使長相漂亮的人必須要說話值得一聽才會引起別人注意?，F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中喜歡幫助他人的人常常在網(wǎng)上也愿意盡力幫助他人。然而無可否認(rèn)，有些人沒有烈性酒作伴，你和他們在一起就不會那么歡樂?！?2) The Web can bring out the best in people: Gregarious, frank folks in real life” usually carry these same traits over to their online life. Most are just as funloving online if not more so, as they are at a party, at work, or at the local bar. Though admittedly, some are not quite as much fun to be around without a stiff drink.　 （2）網(wǎng)絡(luò)能讓人展現(xiàn)其最好的一面：現(xiàn)實(shí)生活”中愛好交往和直率的人在網(wǎng)上也會展現(xiàn)相同的個性。同樣，與在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界”中一樣，許多其它令人討厭的傾向在網(wǎng)上也都能很容易地識別出來。尤其是經(jīng)過一段時間之后，別的用戶的意圖常常是非常清楚的。至于數(shù)字文化中人被這些不誠實(shí)的家伙欺騙的問題，就如同現(xiàn)實(shí)”生活中一樣，網(wǎng)上同樣有許多信號”會揭露他們的騙術(shù)。　As for the rest of us, getting taken in by these people is a low probability. We kn