【正文】 菡韯 7 魘 e 紤錀嘻 \苪 gq 滾蔰 P 蛼 B俌掣赦囂 O 環(huán) 7????L[xr 蔜 ?憰葙 kS?峿 4趪鯠 )oI╪崀省 I2 鍬 Pm6X銗 E|??鸓鴀 ???Z。 China’s industrial machine hand technology and its engineering application level and parable 而目前我國的工業(yè)機器人技術及其工程應用的水平和國外比 to foreign countries there is a certain distance, application and industrialization of the size of the 還有一定的距離應用規(guī)模和產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平低， low level of machine hand research and development of a direct impact on raising the level of 機械手的研究和開發(fā)直接影響到我國自動化生產(chǎn)的水平提高， automation in China, from the economy, technical considerations are very necessary. Therefore, 從經(jīng)濟上、技術上考慮都是十分必要的。當工件變更時，柔性生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)很容易 flexible production system is very easy to change will help enterprises to continuously update the 改變，有利于企業(yè)不斷更新適銷對路的品種， marketable variety, improve product quality, and better adapt to market petition. At present, 提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。 monly used. At present, the machine hand has developed into a FMS flexible manufacturing 目前，機械手已發(fā)展成為柔性制造系統(tǒng) FMS systems and flexible manufacturing cell in an important ponent of the FMC. The machine tool 和柔性制造單元 FMC 中一個重要組成部分。 hand can replace humans pleted the risk of duplications of boring work, to reduce human 機械手能代替人類完成危險、重復枯燥的工作， labor intensity and improve labor productivity. Manipulator has been applied more and more 減輕人類 勞動強度，提高勞動生產(chǎn)力。 Machine hand is the automated production of a kind used in the process of crawling and 機械手是在自動化生產(chǎn)過程中使用的一種具有抓取和移動工件功 moving piece features automatic device, which is mechanized and automated production process 能的自動化裝置，它是在機械化 自動化生產(chǎn)過程中發(fā)展起來的一種新 developed a new type of device. In recently years, as electronic technology, especially puter 型裝置。手部是用來抓持工件 tool) ponents, according to grasping objects by shape, size, weight, material and operational （或工具）的部件，根據(jù)被抓持物件的形狀、尺寸、重量、材料 requirements of a variety of structural forms, such as clamp type, type and adsorption of a variety 和作業(yè)要求而有有多種結(jié)構(gòu)形式，如加持型、托持型和吸附型等。 device. Some operating devices require direct manipulation by humans such as the atomic energy 有些操作裝置需要由人直接操縱如用于原子能部門 sector performs household hazardous material used in the masterslave manipulator is also often 操持危險物品 的 主從式操作手也常稱為機械手。 它可代替人的繁重勞動以實現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)的機 widely used in machinery manufacturing, metallurgy, electronics, light industry and nuclear power 械化和自動化，能在有害環(huán)境下操作以保護人身安全，因而廣泛應用于機械制造、冶金、電子、輕工和原子能等部門。 are widely used in metallurgical industry, machinery manufacture, light industry and atomic 機械手廣泛用于機械制造、冶金、輕功和原子能等部門。 generally hydraulic pneumatic, electrical device drivers. Manipulator can be achieved indecently 運動機構(gòu)一般由液壓、氣動、電氣裝置驅(qū)動。 hand and sport institutions. Agencies with the use of hands and operation of objects of different 機械手主要有手部機構(gòu)和運動機構(gòu)組成。 late 20th century,40, the United Stated atomic energy experiment, the first use of radioactive 20世紀 40 年代后期，美國在原子能試驗中，首先采用機械 material handling machine hand, human machine hand in a safe room to manipulator and 手搬運放射性材料，人在安全室操縱機械 gradually extended to industrial production sector, for the temperatures, polluted areas, and 手進行各種操作和實驗。 Manual operation of a simulation of the automatic machinery, it can be a fixed program 一種模擬人手操作的自動機械，它可按固定程序抓取、 draws, handling objections or perform household tools to acplish certain specific actions. 搬運物件或操持工具完成某些特定操作。 Help mechanical hand: all know as the balancer, balance suspended, laborsaving 助力機械手 ：又稱平衡器、平衡吊、省力吊具、 spreader, manual Transfer machine is a kind of weightlessness of manual load system, a novel, 手動移載機等，是一種無重力化手動承載系統(tǒng)，一種新穎的、 timesaving technology for material handling operations booster equipment, belonging to kinds of 用于物料搬運時省力化操作的助力設備，屬于一種非標設計的系列化 nonstandard design of series products. Customer applications needs, creating customized cases. 產(chǎn)品。 e) Universe and ocean development. 宇宙及海洋的開發(fā)。 and ponents. c) The working conditions may be poor, monotonous, repetitive easy to subfatigue working 可在勞動條件差，單調(diào)重復易疲勞的工作環(huán)境工作， environment to replace human labor. 以代替認的勞動。 Although the machine hand is not as flexible as staff, but it has to the continuous duplication 機械手雖然目前還不如人手那樣靈活，但它具有能不斷 of