【導(dǎo)讀】丁怡,1998,中英稱謂語(yǔ)比較,《廣州師范學(xué)院》,第20卷,第3期,第77-79頁(yè)?董巖,舒奇志,2021,英漢稱謂語(yǔ)的文化隱喻,《湘潭師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)》,第27卷,第2期,第128-132頁(yè)?會(huì)科學(xué)版)》,第11卷,第3期,第212-214頁(yè)?文社會(huì)科學(xué)版)》,第6卷,第1期,第48-51頁(yè)?稱謂是言語(yǔ)交際的第一關(guān),是言語(yǔ)交際策略中最基本的內(nèi)容?本文將中英稱謂語(yǔ)分為姓名稱謂?社交稱謂和指代稱謂,漢。詳細(xì),涵蓋了幾百種稱謂語(yǔ),而英語(yǔ)稱謂系統(tǒng)。模糊,具有高度的概括性?經(jīng)濟(jì)意識(shí)形態(tài)等方面的差異都很大,導(dǎo)致了漢英稱謂系統(tǒng)的差異?學(xué)習(xí)者能正確地使用稱謂語(yǔ)?全面掌握中英稱謂語(yǔ)的不同有助于了解中英。更好地推動(dòng)中西經(jīng)濟(jì)?政治的交流,促進(jìn)各國(guó)的合作與發(fā)展,從而推

　　

【正文】 ngthened artificially and indefinitely. Sometimes family name could be freely spelled. The name can also be added to a large number of random readymade names and spelling symbols. This results in unregulated western name. Secondly, Chinese surname has a strong patriarchal color, while western surname has a strong religious color. As the patriarchal color of chinese name is extremely thick, Chinese name is the champion language in the world, in which, the socalled nomen is not only the identity logo within the clan, but also the identification expression in social munication and the image reflection of the order and structure of the clan. The names of the first western nation emerged as an identifier. Given name is placed before family name in order to distinguish siblings. Therefore, the name then was simple. With religious appearing, naming became a significant religious and culture activity. Western names are along with quite strong religious color. According to Christian and Catholic Canon, baptism will be done after the child is born, sometimes even to hole a grand religious ceremony, and then give the child a name. Thirdly, Chinese surname always avoid badness and ugliness, while pursue goodness and beauty. Western surname has noting to avoid. There rarely are characters with bad sense, even if, they will be changed on C 10 purpose. This is entirely consistent with Chinese aesthetic psychology. In western language, however, defects and wickednesses are not evaded when people take a surname. Fourthly, the usage of name address is distinct between China and Occident. In western country, people usually do not address someone by full name. If this is the case, it is just popular between superior and subordinate. while in Chinese, in addition to the case above, it is also suitable for using in the same generation, such as classmates and close friends. In western countries, to call someone his given name is fashionable. Students can even directly call the teacher39。s given name in some university. By contrast, the useable range of Chinese given name is more limited. Using the given name in Chinese often shows not only the close relation, but also intimacy, so friends of opposite sex should be careful to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding. Comparison of Kinship Terms Kinship terms are used to name and address one39。s relatives. They are the reflections of the real relative relationship. Kinship system is human relations system originated from marriage, blood relationship and law. It is an irreplaceable factor in any social relationship. This is not only the main element to manage the individual behaviours, but also the main element to influence the group formation of the society, politics and regions. Kin relationship is not only a social structure, but also a kind of cultural structure in its essence. It is the special creation of human culture. Firstly, Chinese kinship terms system and English kinship terms system belong to different relatives address terms systems. The former belongs to Sudan relatives address terms, while the latter one belongs to Eskimo relatives address terms system. Sudan relatives attach more importance to man39。s surname, which would cause inequality between immediate relatives and collateral relative in the position. These features cause patriarchal kinship terms of Chinese kinship terms system to be extremely plex and huge. However, Eskimo kinship terms attach great importance to the nuclear family status, which will certainly cause Chapter Two Comparison between Chinese and English Address Terms 11 the nuclear family to be the prominent position in the the whole family system and which also would cause nuclear family and other relatives family in a flabby or changeable society. These features lead to patriarchal relative series scale of English kinship terms not large and in a relatively balanced condition. Secondly, Chinese kinship terms system is highly descriptive, basically for every type of different relatives attached to different appellation. But English kinship terms system is not the same. Only in the nuclear family, the relative terms are descriptive and have their own special appellations. Even so the description of the English kinship terms is not enough, because it doesn39。t distinguish clearly the elder brother from little brother as well as the elder sister from little sister. Outside the core family, English relatives appellation terms system has high generality obviously. The difference between two kinship terms system are mainly embodied in that English relatives system don39。t have a proper distinction between maternal and paternal kin and Chinese relatives kinship terms system are carefully distinguished. For example, the word uncle in English can simultaneously apply for both parents39。 brothers and sisters39。 spouse. Aunt can also be applied to both parents39。 sisters and the spouses of the brothers. But in Chinese language, all these relatives have different appellations, being divided clearly. Cousin in English includes uncles39。 and aunts39。 children, regardless of flat table into the hall close cousin, also watch。 regardless of sex, but Chinese relations are distinguished clearly. Thirdly, most of Chinese relatives kinship terms are distinguished as spoken and written styles. For example: father (dad), mother (niang and mum), grandmother (waipo and laolao ), uncle (bo, shu, jiu), aunt(gu, yi, shen), cousin (cousin), fatherinlaw (old fatherinlaw), motherinlaw (motherinlaw), etc. However in English relatives kinship terms system, onl y a small minority of relatives appellation terms have two kinds of different styles. For example: father(dad ? daddy) ? Mother(mom ? mummy) ? grandfather(grandpa) ?grandmother(grandma)?aunt(auntie). The reason why Chinese and