【正文】 ............................. 21 References .................................................................................................. 23 Acknowledgements ...................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 from the cultural and ethical aspect, Yang (1989) gave a discussion about address terms, and Li (1990) talked about Chinese traditional Chapter Two Literature Review 5 address terms and culture。s given name in some university. By contrast, the useable range of Chinese given name is more limited. Using the given name in Chinese often shows not only the close relation, but also intimacy, so friends of opposite sex should be careful to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding. Comparison of Kinship Terms Kinship terms are used to name and address one39。 and aunts39。 spouse. Aunt can also be applied to both parents39。 The latter is one or a few words, which represent a person with the surname together in order to distinguish with other people. The two parts have cultural connotation, not only mutually related but also independent. In spoken English, the role of name is to call or refer to others. Both are necessary to the munication. And it is able to distinguish individual from group, as well as another individual. For written words, name can also record individual situation. The Chinese and western name address is similar in the above aspects. Family name and given name is a unified and inseparable whole, but each has its characteristics. From a philosophical point of view, surname are not selectable, well given name is the opposite. That is, generally speaking, a person39。 if the speech is not heeded, nothing will e of it. (Zi Lu, the Analects of Confuciu 2021: 14) The discussed name refers to address term, incorrect use of which can hinder effective munication and cannot reach the anticipated purpose. Address terms to some degree are reflection of different national culture, so they play an important role in developing intercultural munication (Xu, 2021). Xia (2021) concluded that as a special part of the language, address term, which is dominant formation, is closely related with the culture. Current Domestic and International Studies of Address Terms The Chinese research of address terms has a long history. Shi Qin of Erh Ya is the earliest ancient book containing mentaries on classics, names, etc. With 3000year history, it systematically recorded Chinese ancient kinships and more than 200 kinship terms. For example, the sisters of father are aunt, while the brothers of mother are uncles. In modern times, domestic scholars researched address terms from various angles. For instance, from the perspective of social linguistics, Chen (1984) studies the changes of nonrelative terms between two generations in Beijing, and Pan and Zhang (2021) made a social survey on extended usage of Chinese kinship terms。 Domestic Research on Address Terms.... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 be logical and clear in anization and presentation。 l. J. Soc. Lang. 148, pp. 518. Scott, J. C. 1998. Understanding British Forms of Address. Business Communication. 61 (3), pp. 5061 丁怡 ,1998,中英稱謂語比較【 J】 ,《廣州師范學(xué)院》 ,第 20 卷 ,第 3 期 ,第 7779 頁 ? 董巖 ,舒奇志 ,2021, 英漢稱謂語的文化隱喻【 J】 ,《湘潭師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào) (社會(huì)科學(xué)版 )》 ,第 27 卷 ,第 2 期 ,第 128132 頁 ? 董永華 ,2021,英漢社交稱謂語的主要形式及其選用原則【 J】 ,《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào) (社會(huì)科學(xué)版 )》 ,第 11 卷 ,第 3 期 ,第 212214 頁 ? 顧平 ,2021,中西方傳統(tǒng)倫理觀念的差異對英漢稱謂語的影響【 J】 ,《南京大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào) (人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版 )》 ,第 6 卷 ,第 1 期 ,第 4851 頁 ? 周 次 1— 4周 5— 8周 9— 12周 13— 16周 17— 18周 應(yīng) 完 成 的 內(nèi) 容 系級教學(xué)單位審批 : 年 月 日 摘 要 I 摘 要 稱謂是言語交際的第一關(guān) , 是言語交際策略中最基本的內(nèi)容 ?由于文化 ?歷史 ?社會(huì)體制的不同 , 中文和英語的稱謂習(xí)慣也有所不同 , 了解這些差異將有助于語言學(xué)習(xí)者更好地達(dá)到交際的目的 ? 本文將中英稱謂語分為姓名稱謂 ?親屬稱謂 ?社交稱謂和指代稱謂 ,漢語稱謂系統(tǒng)的劃分比較復(fù)雜 ?詳細(xì) ,涵蓋了幾百種稱謂語 ,而英語稱謂 系統(tǒng)卻相對簡單 ?籠統(tǒng) ?模糊 ,具有高度的概括性 ?在宗法觀念 ?思想觀念 ?價(jià)值取向 ?經(jīng)濟(jì)意識(shí)形態(tài)等方面的差異都很大 ,導(dǎo)致了漢英稱謂系統(tǒng)的差異 ? 通過對中英稱謂語分類比較 ,探討造成這些差異的文化因素 ,以便英語學(xué)習(xí)者能正確地使用稱謂語 ?全面掌握中英稱謂語的不同有助于了解中英文化的差異 ,使語言學(xué)習(xí)者克服由于文化差異而導(dǎo)致的語言交際障礙 ,以便更好地推動(dòng)中西經(jīng)濟(jì) ?政治的交流 ,促進(jìn)各國的合作與發(fā)展 ,從而推動(dòng)跨文化交際的順利進(jìn)行 ? 關(guān)鍵詞 :稱謂語 。 Chapter One Introduction 1 Introduction Address terms reflect a person39。 from the side of interpretation and TCSL (Teaching Chinese as a Second Language), Cui (1996) studied contemporary Chinese system of address terms, and Zhou (2021) touched upon teaching of Chinese address terms. In Western countries, the study on address terms was said originally by American anthropologist Men, who analyzed the system of kinship and inlaws in nieenth century. With the birth of social linguistics, linguists began to focus on address terms. Brown discovered the referential usage of second person pronoun in IndoEuropean language. Lyons, Filmore and Ingram tried to integrate address terms into grammatical category. Leviso and Zwicky tended to regard address terms as deixis. Domestic Research on Address Terms According to Address Forms Schema: the Cognitive Pattern of Address Form by Li (2021: 10), address term not only plays the directive and absorbing roles, but is also a cognitive pattern AFS (Address Form Schema). It is made of the distinguished characters of the people types, and it expresses the expectations to the person who is addressed. AFS es out through three ways: character prompting, capacity prompting and semantic prompting. AFS deeply controls the ways the social cognition on others and ourselves, so our conclusion is that, the time we address other people one title is just the time we socially recognize the others by the AFS. Through analysis of social cognition of address terms, Wei (2021) considered that besides serving munication, address terms can also reflect the various social psychology and value orientations. Xu (2021) explored that the system of selfdepreciatory address terms by politenes