【導讀】史上的一個重要人物。他的代表作《紅字》講述了一個簡單而又富有戲劇性的故事,但卻是一部非常流行并被廣泛閱讀的小說，被認為是霍桑最著名的作品。的這位飽受凌辱的女主人公海斯特·白蘭，一些人認為她具有一種敢于反抗的勇氣；一些人則認為她是屈從命運的弱者。這篇論文主要分析海斯特的妥協(xié)性和反抗性這一。第三章從構(gòu)成海斯特的妥協(xié)性和反抗性的兩種。性格的原因角度論述了海斯特雙重性格形成的根源。HesterPrynne’sRebellion………………………

　　

【正文】 and stifling religious dogma. He wanted to pursue an abstract beauty in the United States by imagination. That was a kind of perfect spiritual realm which transcended worldliness and reached holiness. On the other hand, Hawthorne saw the world with the concept of good and evil which had a strong religious flavor. He believed that the root of all social problems and the conflict between people was the inherent evil in the world. Thus he strengthened the concepts on the original sin, and internal corruption in Calvinism. Therefore, he confirmed the seriousness of early Puritan and deconstructed Hester’s courage and sense of resistance based on the concept of original sin in Calvinism. Under his pen Hester also presented the promise because of her deeprooted religious belief. Hawthorne who embodied a dense Christian culture portrayed Hester Prynne as a woman who frequently presented her promise. That is, she did not rebel the society thoroughly because of Hawthorne’s ideology. In a word, the original sin is the beginning and end of Hester Prynne’s promise. The Puritanism has an impact on Hester’s promise. Nathaniel Hawthorne’ ideology has also a certain influence on Hester Prynne’s promise. Reasons of Hester Prynne’s Rebellion Next this thesis will expose the reason for Hester Prynne’s rebellion. Although she wore “A” on her breast, Hester still believed that she had the right to pursue happiness. That was because she had always maintained a fresh idea of rebellion in her heart. Hawthorne stressed Hester’s character of bravery and rebellion based on the criticism of religious bigotry and destruction of humanity. Although she violated the ban, Hester still insisted that she possessed the right to pursue happiness and freedom. Hester held an optimistic outlook on life and dared to face reality. She realized the mistakes she had done, but she never regretted her mistakes. When she came from prison to begin bearing her public punishment, Hester who wore an “A” for adultery sewn on her dress refused to reveal the name of her lover Dimmesdale. Thus it can be seen that Hester had always thought that the love between her and Dimmesdale is reasonable. She possessed a strong spirit of rebellion and struggle. Although it was not enough for her to rebel the society with her personal power, she had shown the clear stance of antisecularism and antireligion. What made her so strong was her courage and optimism. She had a faith to survive the world. This belief was that the “A” cannot break. She dared to despite the authority and possessed a strong spirit of rebellion. Hester immediately and richly embroidered the scarlet letter with gold thread. This behavior suggests that she dares to challenge to the authority. The munity was angry about her behavior. IV Conclusion In conclusion, Hester is a brave rebellion woman, but she is not a firm rebel because of her promise. This is not only because of the fetter and oppression from the Puritan munity but also because of Hawthorne’s background and experience. It is her promise within her bravery and rebellion that account for the influence of both romanticism and Puritan ideas on Hawthorne. That is the true reflection of Hawthorne’s ideal and reality. Hester carries on as a single parent with grace and fortitude, demonstrating an intellect and courage that one could argue is at least equal to the two men in her life, Chillingworth and Dimmesdale. She is the only winner in the triangle relationship they form。 by her actions she wins back her place in society. Superficially, The Scarlet Letter is a legend about the adultery and other catastrophic consequences. But it reveals the plex social problems in American in 1990s. Hawthorne expresses his ideas in love, religious belief and female consciousness in The Scarlet Letter. As is shown, the nieenth century was a time of great prudishness in America. New England had a political system of bining religious with political rule in 1950s. Religion had internalized into human’s nature. The whole novel of The Scarlet Letter underlines the spirit of evil and the religious constraint. And Hester bees a victim of the religious restrictions. The true nature of every human is both sinful and angelic, somber and joyful, selfish and loving. Bibliography Bell, Millicent. New essays on Hawthorne’s major tales. New York: Cambridge UP, 1993. Claudia, Durst Johnson. Understanding The Scarlet Letter, A Student Casebook to Issue, Sources, and Historical Documents. New York: Oxford UP, 1989. Cushman, Stephen and Paul Newlin. Nation of Letters. New York: Brandywine Press, 1998. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1992. Riss, Arthur. Race, Slavery, and Liberalism in Nieenthcentury American Literature. New York: Cambridge UP, 2021. Chang,Yaoxin. [常耀信 ],美國文學簡史 .天津 :南開大學出版社 ,1990. Hu,Yunheng. [胡允桓 ],霍桑短篇小說 選 .北京 :外文出版社 ,2021. Wu,Fuheng. [吳富恒 ],美國作家論 .山東 :山東教育出版社 ,1999.