【正文】 somewhat aloof and detached even when he showed an undercurrent of passion and humor).Carl Sandburg (18781967 )? 1. Life the family poor/left school at 13 to work odd jobs/served eight months in Puerto Rico during the SpanishAmerican war/Lombard College/help from a professor/reporter, writer? 2. Literary Career Chicago Poems (1914) Cornhuskers (1918). Smoke and Steel (1920) Slabs of the Sunburnt West (1922) * free verse poems celebrating industrial and agricultural America, American geography and landscape, and the American mon people. 1920s: biography of Lincoln //collections of American folklore (p177)? Pulitzer prizes: a. second part of his Lincoln biography, Abraham Lincoln: The War Years (1939) b. Complete Poems in 1950.3. Style Free verse/ pubic speech for mon peopleWallace Stevens (18791955 )1. Life read widely/ worked as a reporter/studied law/a law clerk/ insurance business/ vicepresident of the pany.2. Literary Career works: p 186 He was an elitist, so difficult to understand. He showed little concern with social problems but helped readers to bee aware of the beauty and pathos of life. ? 3. Major features a. Many of his poems use references to painting, music, and color. b. Abstract, philosophical, and difficult. c. Meticulous use of language. There are a lot of wit, puns, and irony. T. S. Eliot (18881965) ? 1. Life: He was a poet, playwright, and literary critic. (the acknowledged leader of the new poetry and criticism.)? 2. Literary Career p193Modern Fiction Before 1945? 1. Background two great wars affected young writers’ outlook. Four significant events: a. They lived abroad b. Marxism and Freudianism widely studied. c. Voices of new groups of Americans were hears. d. An intense reexamination of the structure of literature and the nature of the critical activity. ? WWI: slogan of the Americans, “War to end all wars!” ? Some male American writers of the 1920s were in the war. ? Lost GenerationF. Scott Fitzgerald (18961940)1. LifeThe spokesman of the 1920s, (economic boom and the sense of spiritual disorientation)Both an insider and an outsider of the Jazz Age.2. Literary Career p2133. Comment? The spirit of the 1920s (also known as “Jazz Age,” the “roaring 20s,” and “Dollar Decade”). ? Bankruptcy of the American dream.? Writing style: explicit, chilly, accurate. Original diction and metaphors. ? Character:? Nick? Gatsby? Daisy? Tom? Jordan? Myrtle? George? Theme ? Symbolism The Green Light The eyes of . Eckleburg East and West EggErnest Hemingway (18991961)? 1. LifeAn excellent student at high school// chose not to go to college// worked as a reporter for the Star// The short simple sentences characteristic of his style might have e from such experience. In WWI, wounded.? 2. Literary Career1923 Three Stories and Ten Poems1926 The Sun Also Rises (immediate success)1929 A Farewell to Arms (established his reputation as a great American writer)1930s (adventure)1936 He was in the Spanish Civil War1940 For Whom the Bell Tolls1952 The Old Man and the Sea (a man can be destroyed but not defeated)1954 Novel PrizeWorks published posthumously 3. Comment? Hemingway code hero: a man who lives correctly, following the ideals of honor, courage and endurance in a world that is sometimes chaotic, often stressful, and always painful. ? Hemingway’s iceberg theory of writing. ? His writing emphasizes emotion. Ernest Hemingway (18991961)n 1. LifeAn excellent student at high school// chose not to go to college// worked as a reporter for the Star// The short simple sentences characteristic of his style might have e from such experience. In WWI, wounded.n 2. Literary Career1923 Three Stories and Ten Poems1926 The Sun Also Rises (immediate success)1929 A Farewell to Arms (established his reputation as a great American writer)1930s adventure1936 Spanish Civil War1940 For Whom the Bell Tolls1952 The Old Man and the Sea (a man can be destroyed but not defeated)1954 Novel PrizeWorks published posthumously 3. Comment? Hemingway code hero: a man who lives correctly, following the ideals of honor, courage and endurance in a world that is sometimes chaotic, often stressful, and always painful. ? Hemingway’s iceberg theory of writing. ? His writing emphasizes emotion. John Steinbeck (19021968)1. Life Attended Stanford University, but educated himself in the life of working people. He wrote stories about humble people of low social status. His stories were rejected in the 1920s.2. Literary Career regarded as the foremost writer of the Great Depression during the 1930s, a spokesman for the oppressed. n 3. The Grapes of Wrath? content:? Style1) It is about a journey, alluding the biblical rhethoric journey to the Promised Land.2) It depicts its characters from the outside rather than searching into the subtleties of individual psychology.3) Interludes or interchapters enhance the inherent unity of the novel. 4) It is filled with highly charged emotional scenes, dramatic or pathetic.5) The novel uses dialogue just as it should sound with strange spelling.6) Symbolism7) It bines humor, regionalism and violence with an exact and topical realism.John Steinbeck (19021968)1. Life Attended Stanford University, but educated himself in the life of working people. He wrote stories about humble people of low social status. His stories were rejected in the 1920s.2. Literary Career Regarded as the foremost writer of the Great Depression during the 1930s, a spokesman for the oppressed. 3. The Grapes of WrathContent: The “Dust Bowls”The “Dust Bowls”The Dust Bowl was a series of dust storm