chapter9intelligence-資料下載頁(yè)
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【正文】 ce ?個(gè)體差異研究 ?種族 /家族群體研究 ?縱向研究 2022/8/12 40 Individual Differences in IQ ?Geic and environmental variables ?Longtitudinal study ?Twin, family, and adoption studies: – Distinguish the impact of nature and nurture – Siblings, dizygotic twins, and parentoffspring pairs=.50 – Monozygotic twins= (geically identical) 2022/8/12 41 Some Results ?領(lǐng)養(yǎng)兒的智商與生身父母的關(guān)系更大 ?領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一段時(shí)間之后，被領(lǐng)養(yǎng)兒的智力能顯著提高（ 20） ?越早領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，環(huán)境的影響就越大。 ?環(huán)境因素：父母社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位、學(xué)校等 2022/8/12 42 Group Differences: race ?Arthur Jensen Hypothesis(1973) – Between onehalf and threefourths of the average IQ difference between American Negroes and whites is attributable to geic factors. – Minnesota Adoption Study – Scarr amp。 Weinberg(1976), Weinberg et al(1992) ?Racial Ancestry Study – Scarr et al(1977): No relation 2022/8/12 43 Commentary: the science amp。 politics of Intelligence ? Emotional Issue ? Milwaukee Project ? Herrnstein amp。 Murray(1994): The Bell Curve – Meritocracy能人統(tǒng)治 – Waste of resources ? 50 leading professors drafted a document on intelligence – 客觀測(cè)量、預(yù)測(cè)性最好、種族內(nèi)得分分布廣、環(huán)境 2022/8/12 44 遺傳力 ?H＝ Vg/Vt =(VtVe)/Vt Vt: DZ difference in IQ Ve: MZ difference in IQ 2022/8/12 45 5 The Extremes of Intelligence ?Mental retardation – Causes of mental retardation – Treating mental retardation ?Giftedness – Are gifted people maladjusted? ?Personality, marriage, professional success ?Creativity and Intelligence – No relationship – Creativity amp。 Bipolar disorder(manicdepression) 2022/8/12 46 6 Some Concluding Thoughts ?Social Intelligence – The ability to store, retrieve, and understand social information. ?Intelligence is always embedded in a psychological context that includes motivation and emotion.=Goals ?EQ, Emotional Quotient
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