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,說明主油路油壓正常,故障出在自動變速器中的輸入軸、行星齒輪機構(gòu)或輸出軸。對此,應(yīng)拆檢自動變速器。②若主油路測壓孔內(nèi)沒有油液流出,打開油底殼,檢查手動閥搖臂是否松脫。若手動閥工作正常,說明油泵損壞,應(yīng)維修或更換油泵。③若主油路測壓孔內(nèi)只有少量油液流出,油壓很低或基本上沒有油壓,應(yīng)打開油底殼,檢查油泵進油濾網(wǎng)有無堵塞。若無堵塞,應(yīng)拆卸分解自動變速器,檢查油泵和主油路調(diào)壓閥。④若冷車起動時主油路有一定的油壓,但熱車后油壓即明顯下降,說明油泵磨損嚴(yán)重,應(yīng)更換油泵。7 結(jié)論汽車電控自動變速器的故障診斷與分析對汽車行業(yè)來講是非常重要的,它融合了人工經(jīng)驗和現(xiàn)代儀器設(shè)備,兩者密不可分。要排除一個故障,在原有經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上,以儀器設(shè)備相輔,會得到事半功倍的效果。當(dāng)然,必須具備豐富的理論知識,如自動變速器各部件的工作原理,各傳感器的作用,各閥體的工作過程和原理,以及變速器正常工作所需要的條件。一個故障出現(xiàn),不可以盲目拆卸部件,得分析故障產(chǎn)生原因及條件,有步驟、有計劃的進行,方能解除故障的根本。工作中必須以積極的態(tài)度,集中精力、責(zé)任心強的心態(tài)面對。由于所學(xué)知識有限,本文只在粗淺的層面分析自動變速器的工作原理、故障診斷的一般方法,提出一些較典型的故障并給出方法排除,閥體部分較難,這部分在以后的工作中我會深入研究,我會在今后的工作中繼續(xù)關(guān)注自動變速器的診斷和分析??偨Y(jié)與體會汽車電控自動變速器診斷與分析是一個很復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng),而且技術(shù)在不斷更新,這就要求維修行業(yè)的工作人員必須不斷研究和學(xué)習(xí),但只要掌握根本的診斷方法,分析有條理,加以經(jīng)驗的不斷積累,維修也會得心應(yīng)手。本文通過分析變速器的現(xiàn)狀、變速器的概述與特點、液壓部分、機械部分以及電控部分,目的是為故障診斷與分析作鋪墊。在診斷的章節(jié)中有豐富的理論知識,并插入一些圖表。本文主要對以下幾個部分進行相關(guān)的研究工作:(1)變速器的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,并明確研究的主要目的和意義。(2)對變速器的種類、組成和特點給一個總體的概述。(3)自動變速器中液壓部分的解析,主要介紹了液力變矩器和幾個主要閥體。(4)機械裝置和電控裝置的淺析,在這里主要研究幾個檔位的換檔過程一些和傳感器。(5)電控自動變速器的故障診斷和分析,理論和實踐相互聯(lián)系。(6)對一些常見的故障給予分析和處理。在電控自動變速器故障診斷中,自我診斷、檢測診斷與人工經(jīng)驗診斷各有優(yōu)點和不足,在實際應(yīng)用中,如果能將它們有機地結(jié)合起來,將大大提高維修速度和質(zhì)量。實踐證明,只有在重視傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗診斷法的同時,力求充分利用現(xiàn)代檢測診斷技術(shù),取長補短,根據(jù)故障現(xiàn)象和發(fā)生條件對故障進行分析和判斷,才能迅速、準(zhǔn)確地發(fā)現(xiàn)并排除故障,減少不必要的拆卸和零部件更換,節(jié)省大量的人力和物力。在本次論文寫作過程中,查閱了大量的有關(guān)資料,并與實習(xí)工作中遇到的問題結(jié)合,資料中也出現(xiàn)一些維修中很難見到的問題。實習(xí)期間也得到很多領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和師傅的指導(dǎo),他們毫不保留,有問必答,在這里忠心謝謝他們。還有陳繼飛老師對本文的不斷修改,終得成果,謝謝老師。故障診斷與分析是一門博大精深的課題,雖然檢測中有儀器設(shè)備的相助,但有些問題確實需要多年的經(jīng)驗才能分析出來。這也就要求修理行業(yè)的人們要有敬業(yè)、踏實、刻苦的精神!致 謝本文的研究工作是在導(dǎo)師陳繼飛老師的悉心指導(dǎo)下完成的。從論文的選題、總體構(gòu)思直至論文的撰寫修改都得到陳老師的精心指點和諄諄教導(dǎo)。還有班主任劉義清老師在四年的學(xué)習(xí)生涯中給予細心的教授,各位學(xué)校任課老師的精心栽培,在此表示衷心的感謝。同時,還要感謝07級汽車服務(wù)工程專業(yè)的所有幫助和關(guān)心我的同學(xué),在此向他們致以真誠的謝意。其次要感謝在生活和學(xué)習(xí)中給予我熱心幫助和支持的學(xué)長學(xué)弟學(xué)妹們。當(dāng)然,還要感謝云南馳泰汽車銷售服務(wù)有限公司的各位幫助過我的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和師兄們,是你們給我這個平臺在這里成長、學(xué)習(xí),謝謝!最后,我要感謝我的家人,在我的學(xué)習(xí)過程中,給予了我生活上和精神上的關(guān)懷和支持,感謝他們對我的信任和鼓勵,在今后的工作和生活當(dāng)中,我會銘記這一點,并再接再厲。參考文獻資料[1]齊曉杰. 安永東. 齊英杰. 汽車液壓夜力與氣壓傳動技術(shù)[M]. 北京: 化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社, 2004[2]譚本忠. 大眾車系維修經(jīng)驗集錦[M]. 北京: 機械工業(yè)出版社, 2007 [3]薛祖德. 液壓傳動[M]. 北京: 中央廣播電視大學(xué)出版社, 1998[4]宋福昌. 電控液力自動變速器的結(jié)構(gòu)與維修[M]. 北京: 國防工業(yè)出版社, 2000[5]過學(xué)訊. 汽車自動變速器結(jié)構(gòu)和原理[M]. 北京: 機械工業(yè)出版社, 2001[6]陳家瑞. 汽車構(gòu)造[M]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2002[7]張育華, 徐士鳴. 汽車電子控制技術(shù)與故障診斷[M]. 北京: 大連理工大學(xué)出版社, 1995[8]欒琪文. 自動變速器實用維修圖集[M]. 沈陽: 遼寧科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社, 2002[9]孫志成. 汽車故障診斷與排除實列[M]. 北京: 金盾出版社, 2009[10]馮淵. 汽車電子控制技術(shù)[M]. 北京: 國防工業(yè)出版社, 2007[11]楊清德, 尤宜材. 轎車電子電器維修[M]. 北京: 電子工業(yè)出版社, 2007[12]馮永忠. 大眾車系09G自動變速器維修圖冊[M]. 北京: 機械工業(yè)出版社, 2009[13]張建俊. 汽車診斷與檢測技術(shù)[M]. 齊齊哈爾: 人名交通出版社, 2003[14]趙福堂. 汽車電器與電子設(shè)備[M]. 北京: 北京理工大學(xué)出版社, 2005 [15]朱迅. 汽車自動變速器維修[M]. 北京: 機械工業(yè)出版社, 2002[16] KNIBB. GORMEZANO. PARTNERS LARRY PLACHNO. Test Driving the J4500 and ZF AS Tronic Transmission[J]. National Bus Trader, January, 2003.附錄一 英文原文TransmissionAbstractThe modern automobile engine is a powerful, lightweight and dependable powerplant. However,it is not perfect for three reasons. First, morden engines do not produce much torque at low engine speeds. Second, engine produce maximum torque between 2000~3000r/min. As a result, engines operate best only within this fairly narrow range. Third,much more force is needed to move a car from rest than to keep it moving once it is started. Thus, the vehicle needs a wider range of torque than is available from the engine.For these reasons, cars need a device that makes better use of engine power and torque. The transmission is this device.There are three types of transmissionsmanual(MT)、 automatic(AT) and automatic manually transmission(AMT).In simple terms, a transmission multiplies engine torque andthrough gearssends that power to the drive axle. A driver shifts or changes the gears to increase or decrease the torque produced by the engine. In a car with a manual transmission, a driver shifts the gears manually. In a car with an automatic transmission, the gears shift automatically.The gears reduce engine speed in the transmission so that engine torque increases. This speed decrease and torque increase are needed so that the engine can run at higher speeds. At such speeds, it produces more torque and is more efficient. In other words, the transmission allows higher engine speeds at low vehicle speeds and multiplies torque to help move the car.INTRODUCTIONAutomatic Manually Transmission(AMT)In order to simplify driver operation of the transmission and to improve economy,use has been made recently,particularly in trucks, of semior fullyautomatic manually shifted transmissions. Although, in parision with automatic powershift transmissions, these new transmissions have the disadvantage that all gearshifts involve an interruption in the tractive power, they still offer considerable advantages:1) Fine spacing of rations with up to 16 gears.2)Higher transfer efficiency.3)Lower costs.4)Same basic unit for manually shifted and automatic transmissions. principle.Mounted on the transmission is a central valve block which converts electrical signals into pneumatic or hydraulic signals and which drives the gearshift cylinders. Depending on the system , the electrical control signals may e directly from a driveroperated shift level or from an intermediate electronic control.The simplest system is remote shifting , in which merely the mechanical linkage is replaced. In this case , the shift lever merely provides electrical signals which energize the pneumatic valves directly or indirectly via control electronics. Driveaway and clutch operation are the same as with a manually shifted system can also be bined with a shiftremendation facility. The advantages are :1)easier shifting,2)simple installation(no linkage),3)safeguard against overrunning of engine. System Driveaway DeviceTo further relieve the driver , the remoteshift transmission can be bined with an automatic driveaway device . There is no clutch pedal。 the driver simply selects the gears. Automatic SystemTransmission and driveaway device are fully automatic. The driver control is a levertype or pushbutton switch. With the aid of a manual position and +/ buttons, the driver is able to override the automat