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河流動(dòng)力學(xué)及泥沙研究進(jìn)展及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)-資料下載頁(yè)

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【正文】 顆粒和污染物吸附、解吸以及此過(guò)程中污染物的降解過(guò)程,即可在現(xiàn)有泥沙數(shù)學(xué)模型基礎(chǔ)上,模擬污染物在渾水中的遷移和轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)程。對(duì)于水沙條件變化后河流生態(tài)的變化,只需吸收水環(huán)境、生態(tài)等領(lǐng)域中水文、水力、泥沙、河流地貌等因素對(duì)生態(tài)影響的已有成果,并能夠根據(jù)環(huán)境的需求提出對(duì)這些因素的控制范圍,即可建立水沙過(guò)程與環(huán)境之間的聯(lián)系,甚至能夠?qū)λ尺^(guò)程實(shí)施科學(xué)調(diào)控。綜合來(lái)看,我國(guó)未來(lái)幾十年之內(nèi)將興起水電開(kāi)發(fā)的熱潮,而且跨流域調(diào)水也將逐步實(shí)施,河流系統(tǒng)面臨各方面的改變,保持流域社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展是將來(lái)的主要任務(wù)。因此,從滿足國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略需求的角度,研究水沙條件變化后河流系統(tǒng)各方面的調(diào)整,以及人類對(duì)此應(yīng)該采取的調(diào)控措施,將是今后一段時(shí)期內(nèi)河流泥沙研究的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo),而從學(xué)科發(fā)展的角度,與此相關(guān)的內(nèi)容,也都是近期內(nèi)可能取得突破的領(lǐng)域。河流泥沙研究仍屬發(fā)展中學(xué)科,許多基礎(chǔ)理論仍不成熟,在泥沙基本理論方面開(kāi)展深入探索將是今后河流泥沙研究的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容之一。同時(shí),隨著近期江河水資源利用和水能開(kāi)發(fā)力度的加大,江河治理實(shí)踐中面臨著與泥沙輸移相關(guān)的新現(xiàn)象、新問(wèn)題,不斷推動(dòng)著河流泥沙研究的發(fā)展,今后在繼續(xù)深入研究泥沙基本理論的同時(shí),應(yīng)在以下幾方面拓展河流泥沙研究的深度和廣度:①水沙條件發(fā)生較大變化后,河床演變的一般性規(guī)律,并借助水沙模擬技術(shù),逐步從定性上升到定量;②從流域或區(qū)域整體的角度,擴(kuò)展研究的時(shí)間尺度、空間尺度,分析泥沙輸移的規(guī)律及其造成的環(huán)境影響,探索人工調(diào)控水沙輸移的理論與技術(shù);③人類活動(dòng)對(duì)河流干擾日益增大,負(fù)面效應(yīng)也逐漸顯現(xiàn),逐步開(kāi)展泥沙學(xué)科與地學(xué)、水環(huán)境、生態(tài)環(huán)境等學(xué)科的交叉研究,為相關(guān)的管理和防護(hù)提供理論依據(jù),保持人水和諧。參考文獻(xiàn)1. :2. ,北京:水利水電出版社,19903. 錢寧,張仁,北京:科學(xué)出版社,19894. 錢寧,北京:科學(xué)出版社,19835. 王興奎,邵學(xué)軍,:6. ,北京:水利水電出版社,19907. ,(3):2452558. Grasser ., Gamal . Aswan high dam: lessons learnt and ongoing research, Water Power amp。Dam construction. 1994(1): 35399. Donald E. Barb233。. Effects on Dredging due to Diversions from the Lower Mississippi River. Journal of Waterway Port, Coastal and Ocean ,126(3):121129.10. Muhar, S。 Schmutz, S。 Jungwirth, M. River restoration conceptsgoals and perspectives. Hydrobiologia. 1995,303(3),183194.11. 潘慶燊,楊國(guó)錄,:12. 韓其為,:13. 韓其為,(3):324014. 劉金梅,王士強(qiáng),(2):475315. Lane E W. A study of the shape of channels formed by natural streams flowing in erodible material. M R D sediment series. No 9, U S Army Engineer Division, Missouri, Corps Engineers, Omaha, Nebraska,195716. Leopold L B, Wolman M G. River channel patterns: braided, meandering and straight. . Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 282B,195717. ,(1):11118. 尹學(xué)良,梁志勇,(2):131919. ,(4)20. 陸中臣,(2):71521. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院地理研究所,長(zhǎng)江水利水電科學(xué)研究院,北京:科學(xué)出版社,22. ,196323. ,1965(4)24. 洪笑天,馬紹嘉,(1):354325. 倪晉仁,(2):687426. 胡春宏,:27. 張紅武,:28. ,1979, (7):80480829. 竇國(guó)仁,40(5)30. ,1988,(1):3444.31. ,1993,(11):1019.32. Nicola Surian, Massimo Rinaldi. Morphological response to river engineering and management in alluvial channels in Italy, Geomorphology 50 (2003) 307–32633. . Kesel. Human modifications to the sediment regime of the Lower Mississippi River flood plain. Geomorphology 56 (2003) 325–33434. Day Jr., ., Britsch, ., Hawes, ., Shaffer, ., Reed, ., Cahoon, D., 2000. Pattern and process of land loss in the Mississippi delta: a spatial and temporal analysis of wetland habitat change. Estuarine Research 23, 425– 438.35. 李義天,李榮,(3):122036. ,(5):11237. 李國(guó)英,黃河調(diào)水調(diào)沙,人民黃河. (11):1538. (第七卷).47052039. 胡四一,施勇,13(3):2782840. 倪晉仁,北京:41. Slobe. Defining goals and criteria for ecosystembased management, Environmental Management Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 483–493,199842. Mark , Amy , Daniel , et al. Aquatic ecosystem protection and restoration: advances in methods for assessment and evaluation. Environmental Science amp。Policy 3(2000) 899843. Sparks, Richard E. Need for ecosystem management of large rivers and their floodplains. Bioscience, 1995,:16818244. Stuart , Angela . Basic Principles and Ecological Consequences of Altered Flow Regimes for Aquatic Biodiversity. Environmental Management , No 4, 49250711 / 11
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