【正文】 1. 主動(dòng)變被動(dòng) 1）不需要體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 【 原文 】 We should pay more attention to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country. 【 優(yōu)化 】 More attention should be paid to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country. 2）需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者 【 原文 】 The employees elected Mr. Li chairman of the mittee last week. 【 優(yōu)化 】 Mr. Li was elected chairman of the mittee by the employees last week. 3）保持陳述對(duì)象的一致，以求行文通順 【 原文 】 When the Prime Minister arrived at the airport, hundreds of reporters surrounded him immediately. 【 優(yōu)化 】 When the Prime Minister arrived at the airport, he was immediately surrounded by hundreds of reporters. 2. 被動(dòng)變主動(dòng) 1）需要體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 【 原文 】 If you are friendly to others, you will be held hospitable attitude towards by them and vice versa. 【 優(yōu)化 】 If you are friendly to others, they will hold hospitable attitude towards you and vice versa. 2）保持陳述對(duì)象的一致，以求行文通順 【 原文 】 One very important quality developed by many individuals during a first job is selfreliance. This quality was cultivated by me when I was allowed by my supervisor to set up and conduct my own survey project. 【 優(yōu)化 】 During their first job, many individuals develop their very important quality of selfreliance. I cultivated this quality when my supervisor allowed me to set up and conduct my own survey project. 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練 一、要求 ：請(qǐng)將下面句子中語態(tài)使用不當(dāng)?shù)牡胤竭M(jìn)行優(yōu)化改寫，使其更符合表達(dá)需要。 【 原文 】 【 優(yōu)化 】 1. We know that smoking is harmful to people‘s health. 2. We should advise people to protect their own interests and not to be led astray by false advertisements 3. Nowadays, public places and advertisements of any kind forbid smoking. 2. People should be advised to protect their own interests and not to be led astray by false advertisements. 3. Nowadays, smoking is forbidden in public places and advertisements of any kind. 1. It is almost known that smoking is harmful to people‘s health. 開頭常用句型： 現(xiàn)象式、提問式、引言式 1. 現(xiàn)象式 (1) As society develops, people are attaching more and more importance to ? How to Succeed in a Job Interview ? Your View on Taking Postgraduate Entrance Exam the interview during job hunting a master degree Exercises (2) Nowadays, with people attach great importance to ? Economy and Environmental Protection ? The Development of LifeLong Education the rapid development of economy, with the rapid development of society, environmental Protection lifelong Education. (3) has been playing an increasingly important role in our dayto day life. ? Your View on Learning through the ? Advantage and disadvantage of Private Cars Online education Private cars (4) Along with more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that ? The disadvantages of Cheating in Examination (5) There are a growing number of people who show concern about the problem of ? Youngsters‘ Addiction to Inter. the development of education, cheating in exams has bee more and more serious. bars. (6) With the development of economy, great changes have taken place in ?state the changes in people‘s diet (飲食 ) in the past five years。 Food \Year 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Grain 49% 47% % 45% 45% Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13% Meet 17% 20% % 23% 21% Fruitamp。 vegetables 24% 22% 20% 20% 21% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% people‘s diet (7) Recently, has been brought into public focus. ? Your view on crossculture marriage (8) has bee a mon occurrence in our daily life. ? Write a proposal to enhance the sports activities among college students crossculture marriage Engaging in sports activity Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes) ? ? ? 、人名、地名、大寫單詞、段首或句首詞等相關(guān)信息 Listening Comprehension ? Section A: ? 8段短對(duì)話，每段為一輪對(duì)話一個(gè)問題； 2段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，每段為 58輪對(duì)話和 34個(gè)問題；對(duì)話部分共 15題。每段對(duì)話均朗讀一遍，每個(gè)問題后留有 15秒的答題時(shí)間。 ? Section B: ? 3篇短文，每篇長(zhǎng)度為 200250詞，朗讀一遍，每篇 34題，共 10題，每個(gè)題后留有 15秒的答題時(shí)間。 ? Section C: ? 復(fù)合式聽寫采用一篇 200250詞的短文，刪去若干個(gè)單詞和句子，全文朗讀三遍。要求考生根據(jù)聽到的內(nèi)容填寫所缺信息，所缺單詞必須用原文填寫，所缺句子信息既可按原文填寫，也可以用自己的語言表述。 聽力理解部分考核的技能 、態(tài)度等 ，如從連續(xù)的話語中辨別語音、理解重音和語音語調(diào)等 ，如比較、原因、結(jié)果、程度、目的 短對(duì)話 ——聽到的往往不是答案 ? 該題型需要考生事先預(yù)讀選項(xiàng)，尋找選項(xiàng)規(guī)律，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)話內(nèi)容及答案的可能性。根據(jù)以往真題的特點(diǎn)，大部分短對(duì)話的答案沒有在原對(duì)話中直接出現(xiàn)，所以依據(jù) “ 聽到的往往不是答案 ” 的原則，往往能猜對(duì)很多題目。 ? “ 先聽到什么不太可能是正確選項(xiàng)，后聽到的才可能是正確答案，沒聽到什么最有可能選什么！ ” 長(zhǎng)對(duì)話與短文聽力 ——聽到的往往是答案 ? 與短對(duì)話不同，長(zhǎng)對(duì)話或短文聽力可根據(jù) “ 聽到的往往是答案 ” 的原則猜題?？忌诼犱浺魰r(shí)，應(yīng)該一邊注意聽錄音，一邊用筆勾出選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)在原文的內(nèi)容，錄音結(jié)束后，再根據(jù)自己的理解，結(jié)合前面的原則來做題。 復(fù)合式聽寫 ——主抓單詞 ? 由于該題型對(duì)考生的理解和速記能力要求都較高，所以建議考生將做題的重點(diǎn)放在前面的 7個(gè)單詞空缺上，力爭(zhēng)在意思和拼寫上都不要出錯(cuò)。后三個(gè)句子不要聽到什么就寫什么，按照考試要求第二種方式，按照自己的話把要點(diǎn)寫下來。 Reading in Depth （ 25min) ?Section A:15選 10 ?Section B:兩篇短文，每篇長(zhǎng)度為300350個(gè)詞，測(cè)試考生在不同層面的理解能力，包括理解主旨大意和重要細(xì)節(jié)、綜合分析、推測(cè)判斷以及根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)詞義等。 Cloze (15min) ? 選詞填空測(cè)試考生對(duì)篇章語境中的詞匯理解和運(yùn)用能力。要求考生閱讀一篇?jiǎng)h去若干詞匯的短文，然后從所給的選項(xiàng)中選擇正確的詞匯填空，使短文復(fù)原。 ? 根據(jù)歷年真題的規(guī)律，該題主要考查的是詞匯辨析、短語句型搭配和上下文邏輯關(guān)系。在答題時(shí)，建議考生采用相同、相似、相反和原文原則做題。 翻譯樣題 ? Part Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes) ? 87. The substance does not dissolve in water________________(不管是否加熱）． ? 88. Not only ______________(他向我收費(fèi)過高）， but didn‘t do a good repair job.