【正文】
litics, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2002, pp. 116. ?、轐. Harrison, The Road not Taken: Climate Change Policy in Canada and the United States, Global Environmental Politics, Vol. 7, No. 4, 2007, pp. 92117. ⑦D. Sprinz and T. Vaahtoranta, The InterestBased Explanation of International Environmental Policy, International Organization, Vol. 48, No. 1, 1994, pp. 77105. ?、郋nvironment Canada, 2007. ?、酓. S. Lemmen, et al., eds., From Impacts to Adaptation: Canada in a Changing Climate 2007, Government of Canada, Ottawa, ON, 2008. ?、怦R里蘭大學(xué)教授羅格康格里頓最早在1992年一篇題為《政治制度與污染控制》的論文中提出了這一命題。參見R. D. Congleton, Political Institutions and Pollution Control, Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 74, No. 3, 1992, pp. . J. Beron, et al., Why Cooperate? Public Goods, Economic Power, and the Montreal Protocol, Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 85, No. 2, 2003, pp. 286297. (11)M. B. Baettig and T. Bernauer, National Institutions and Global Public Goods: Are Democracies More Cooperative in Climate Change Policy? International Organization, Vol. 63, No. 2, 2009, pp. 281308. (12)參見Lisa Martin, International Political Economy: From Paradigmatic Debates to Productive Disagreement, in Michael Brecher and Frank P. Harvey, eds., Millennial Reflections on International Studies, The University of Michigan Press, 2002, p. :《超越“吉爾平式”的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)——1990年代以來IPE及其在中國(guó)的發(fā)展》,載《國(guó)際政治研究》2006年第2期,第22~39頁?! ?13)丹尼爾W布羅姆利:《經(jīng)濟(jì)利益與經(jīng)濟(jì)制度——公共政策的理論基礎(chǔ)》,陳郁等譯,上海人民出版社1996年版,中文版序第2頁?! ?14)安德魯肖特:《社會(huì)制度的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論》,陸銘、陳釗譯,上海財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)出版社2003年版,第5~8頁;以及韋森教授的序言,第16頁?! ?15)康芒斯:《制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)》(上冊(cè)),于樹生譯,商務(wù)印書館1997年版,第90頁?! ?16)李斯特:《政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的國(guó)民體系》,陳萬煦譯,商務(wù)印書館1983年版,第123頁?! ?17)這就是所謂“碳泄漏”問題。參見謝來輝、陳迎:《碳泄漏問題評(píng)析》,載《氣候變化研究進(jìn)展》2007年第4期,第214~219頁。 (18)International Energy Agency, Emissions from Fuel Combustion: Highlights, IEA, 2010, p. 13. (19)Environment Canada, National Inventory Report Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada, 19902006, The Canadian Government39。s Submission to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, May 2008. 2007年,比1990年的水平()%。不過同期,%?! ?20)IHS Cambridge Energy Research Associates: Growth in the Canadian Oil Sands: Finding a New Balance, An IHS CERA Special Report, May 18, 2009. (21)數(shù)據(jù)來源:加拿大統(tǒng)計(jì)局網(wǎng)站,Statistics Canada,CANSIM. (22)R. C. Paehlke, Environmentalism in One Country: Canadian Environmental Policy in an Era of Globalization, Policy Studies Journal, Vol. 28, No. 1, 2000, p. 166. (23)曼庫爾奧爾森:《國(guó)家興衰探源》,呂應(yīng)中等譯,商務(wù)印書館1999年版,第48~49頁?! ?24)Environment Canada, National Inventory Report 19902006: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada, The Canadian Government39。s Submission to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, May, 2008, p. 521. (25)Statistics Canada, Gross Domestic Product, Expenditurebased, by Province and Territory. 這里是2007年數(shù)據(jù)?! ?26)Statistics Canada, Energy Statistics Handbook, 2009. (27)CAPP成立于1927年,是加拿大歷史最悠久且最有影響力的游說集團(tuán)之一。其他主要利益集團(tuán)還包括:加拿大制造業(yè)與出口商協(xié)會(huì)(the Canadian Manufacturers and Exporters)、加拿大商會(huì)(the Canadian Chamber of Commerce)。在反對(duì)批準(zhǔn)《京都議定書》的過程中,產(chǎn)業(yè)集團(tuán)還成立了“負(fù)責(zé)任的能源方案聯(lián)盟”(Coalition for Responsible Energy Solutions)。詳情參見. (28)妥協(xié)的主要內(nèi)容是2002年10月哈利法克斯JMMs會(huì)議上訂立的十二條原則。其中明確賦予地方政府全面參與制定氣候政策的權(quán)力。另外,很重要的一點(diǎn)是,當(dāng)時(shí)執(zhí)政的自由黨在議會(huì)占有多數(shù)席位,行政與立法權(quán)力相融合的制度,也賦予了政府總理較大的權(quán)力。據(jù)說當(dāng)時(shí)的克雷蒂安總理曾表示:“不少國(guó)際協(xié)議簽署了也未必能生效”。更多有關(guān)加拿大簽署《京都議定書》過程的細(xì)節(jié)參見:K. Harrison, The Road not Taken: Climate Change Policy in Canada and the United States, pp. 92117. (29)漢斯J摩根索:《國(guó)家間政治:尋求權(quán)力與和平的斗爭(zhēng)》,徐昕等譯,中國(guó)人民公安大學(xué)出版社1990年版,第683頁?! ?30)D. Held, Angus Hervey and Marika Theros, eds., The Governance of Climate Change: Science, Economics, Politics and Ethics, Cambridge and Malden: Polity, 2011, p. 90. (31)吉登斯:《氣候變化的政治》,曹榮湘譯,社會(huì)科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)出版社2008年版,第8~9頁?! ?32)羅伯特吉爾平:《全球政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)》,楊宇光譯,上海人民出版社2003年版,第78頁?! ?33)關(guān)于這一問題,參見S. Barrett, Why Cooperate? The Incentive to Supply Global Public Goods, Cambridge University. ?。ㄗ髡呦抵泄仓醒刖幾g局博士后科研工作站博士后)30 / 30