【導(dǎo)讀】，從句若表客觀真理，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。，都要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。二．狀語(yǔ)從句：1主句若是一般將來時(shí)、祈使句或含不表過去的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等，則if(如果),unless(除非)，when(當(dāng)…that既可指人又可指物。whose后必須跟有名詞，既指人，也。關(guān)系詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不可省略，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。hope接todosth.或that從句.但不接sbtodosth.(表達(dá)對(duì)對(duì)方為自己做了某事的感謝，后無補(bǔ)充的結(jié)果。(表達(dá)感謝由于某方所做的有利的事，出現(xiàn)了后面的結(jié)果。全過程和正在進(jìn)行。這些動(dòng)詞不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。think部分用法:+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。于疑問句或否定句中。1形容詞修飾不定代詞或不定副詞，形容詞在后面。

　　

【正文】 a rest? （一般疑問句中 do, does, did 在句首） We don’t need to wait for her ing. (否定句中 do,does,did 提前 ) 【注： need 后接表被動(dòng)的內(nèi)容時(shí)，可表達(dá)為： The TV needs to be repaired. = The TV needs repairing.】 with 與 deal with: 都譯為“處理，對(duì)付，安排，應(yīng)付” What have you done with the milk? 用 what 提問。 How shall we deal with this problem? 用 how提問。 下面兩句由此而來： Could you tell me what to do with the milk? Could you tell me how to deal with this problem? ：常見的有： Either you or Lucyis wrong. There is a dog and two cats in the yard. (there be 句型 ) Not only you but (also) Iam strict in the work. 15 Neither you nor Lucy has seen the film before. ： One/Neither of you is right. （單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)） Tom, with his friends, has gone. (主語(yǔ)是 Tom, 單數(shù)謂語(yǔ) ) This pair of shoes looks beautiful. （主語(yǔ)是 pair, 單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)） The shoes look beautiful. （主語(yǔ)無 pair, 復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)） Every boy and every girl has a chance to do it. （單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)） The old need to be looked after carefully. The young are energetic. (the 加形容詞表一類人，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù) ) Mr. and Mrs Green are from America. 指格林夫婦 (復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ) ) The teacher and writer is an able , 一個(gè)人，單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。 Both you and I are excited about the news. （復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)） the number of 與 a number of 參見 39. （分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)見 50） ：如果出現(xiàn)不定冠詞時(shí)，常放在后面。 It’s quite an easy question. He is quite a clever boy. It’s such an important lesson.(另見 33) Lily is really a lazy girl. what 提問的句型 ： What size do you want? What will you do with the problem? What’s the population of China? What day is it today? What’s the date today? What’s the price of this one? be 部分用法 ： is only a student taking notes now. There is no need to open the box. There are 20 trees to be planted. 2..常有以下結(jié)構(gòu) : there may/will/must/is going to/used to/… be. … 3..there be 中不可再出現(xiàn) have/has/had(有 )的詞。另一用法見 45。 :no, not, hardly, few, little, neither, nor, nothing, nobody, none, nowhere 等 . 有些有時(shí)在某些句型中也相當(dāng)于否定，如 without, too…to… without anything, too tired to go any further 但前綴如 dis, un, in或后綴如 less,并不表否定。 : why not / had better / please /would you please / let / make / 情 態(tài)動(dòng)詞，等等。 【注意否定形式： had better/ would you please/ let 直接加 not + 動(dòng)原；而 please 加 don’t+動(dòng)原】 ing 的詞或短語(yǔ) ： finish /enjoy /practice /give up /end up /put off /consider /keep /feel like /prefer…to…/can’t help /be busy /be worth /take turns /miss( 錯(cuò)過 ) /spend /have fun /介詞等。 to 不定式的詞或短語(yǔ) ： want /hope /wish /allow /encourage /ask /tell /pretend /decide /plan/invite /urge/ 16 advise/warn/ seem /in order (為了 ) /疑問詞，等等。 另外， it 作形式主語(yǔ)，后也常有帶 to 不定式。 【否定：以上大多詞 + not + to do sth】 (be + )用法 ： I did it. → It was done. 雙賓 :He told us a story.→We were told a story. → A story was told to us. She passed me a pen.→ I was passed a pen.→A pen was passed to me. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 :We can make a plan. →A plan can be made. 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) :Tom is writing a letter.→A letter is being written by Tom. 完成時(shí)態(tài) ： I have finished the work. →The work has been finished. ： . a man doctor / two men doctors ； a woman teacher / six women teachers 被修飾詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，性別也用單數(shù)；被修飾詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，性別也用復(fù)數(shù)。 girl actor / four girl actors a boy player / two boy players a bus station / some bus stations 復(fù)數(shù)只變被修飾的詞。 boys’ team / a gentlemen’s holiday / the Teachers’ Day / the Children’s Day “復(fù)數(shù) + ’ s ”作定語(yǔ)，譯為“?的?” ’s Day / Mother’s Day 此處“單數(shù) + ’s ”作定語(yǔ)。 （ 附： and連接的名詞所屬格 ： Lucy’s and Ann’s fathers are workers. 分別是兩個(gè)人的爸爸，所以應(yīng) 分別加“’ s” Lucy and Ann’s father is very interesting. 兩個(gè)人 共有 的爸爸，所以在兩人后只加一個(gè)“’ s”。 ） 與 beat區(qū)別 ： win 后加物： I’m sure Jim will win the match. We won the first place in the sports meeting. 而 beat 后加的是人： I’m afraid they will beat us. I hope we can beat the boys’ team. (男子隊(duì)，相當(dāng)于人。 ) ： 指上文的某個(gè)事物，和上文是同一個(gè)。 This book is very useful. I will take good care of it. it 也可指上文所說的事： My son has lost himself in the puter games. I’m worried about it. 與上文所說是同一類，但不是同一個(gè)，常指不可數(shù)名詞。 The food in China is quite different from that in America. The weather of Hainan is better than that of Gansu. that 也可指上文所說的事： A: I had an accident and broke my legs. B: I’m sorry to hear that. 指代上文所說的某類可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，但不是同一個(gè)物。 This sweater is too expensive, do you have another one?(也指毛 衣，但不是上文那個(gè) ) , in the end 的區(qū)別 ： the end of +時(shí)間點(diǎn)或地點(diǎn)，“在?的盡頭，在?的末尾” They will have a sports meeting at the end of March. (加時(shí)間 ) He put some books at the end of the bed. (加地點(diǎn) ) the end of +時(shí)間點(diǎn)，“截止到?末” 若接過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，常用過去完成時(shí)： They had planted six thousand trees by the end of last month. 若接將來的時(shí)間， 17 常用一般將來時(shí)： We shall finish the work by the end of next month. the end “最后 ”，后不加 of 短語(yǔ)： They wanted to find a place to rest in, in the end, they saw a village. gone to/have been to/have been in: gone to+地點(diǎn)“已去了?（還未回來）” I can’t find those children, where are they? They have gone to the farm. (去了農(nóng)場(chǎng)，不在這兒 ) been to+地點(diǎn)“去過?（原來去過，現(xiàn)在已回）”句尾常接次數(shù)或多個(gè)地點(diǎn)或 before，或句中常有 ever, never等。 She has been to Qingdao three times. I have been to two big cities. Have you been to Dalian before? I have never/ever been to Dalian. I have never been there before. (此短語(yǔ)省略了 to) been in+地點(diǎn)，“已在?（多久了）”句尾常接 for+時(shí)間段，或 since +時(shí)間點(diǎn) /一般過去時(shí)的句子。 Peter has been in China for a long time. I’ve been here for 2 hours/since 2 hours ago. (此短語(yǔ)省略了 in) ： all (of) the land / all (of) the class / all (of) the students?【 all 在定冠詞 the 前】 the whole school / the whole country / the whole area?【 whole 在定冠詞 the 后】 bit / a little 區(qū)別 ：都可作副詞，后直接加形容詞和副詞。 I’m a bit / a little hungry. She feels a bit / a little tired. 也可作代詞或形容詞，后接名詞時(shí)有所不同： I have only a little drink. She ate a little bread and went out. (a little 直接加名詞 ) 而下文： I have only a bit of drink. She ate a bit of bread and went out. (a bit 先加 of再加名詞 ) 81.“擅長(zhǎng)”與“不擅長(zhǎng)” 。 “對(duì)? 有利”與“對(duì)?有害” ： “擅長(zhǎng)”： be good at / do well in “不擅長(zhǎng)”： be bad in / be poor in / be weak in / do badly in “對(duì)?有利”： be good for “對(duì)?有害”： be bad for 82. 表數(shù)量的詞和短語(yǔ)的部分用法： 1none / all / some / most / plenty of / a lot of (lots of) 后既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。 2many / (a