【正文】
to say. (或I have nothing to say.)(或Yes, I have something to say.) 關于這個問題,你有什么話要講嗎?我沒有什么話要講。(我有話要說。)She told them something about her 。(作賓語)b)復合不定代詞被形容詞所修飾時,形容詞須放在它們的后面。如:There is nothing wrong with the 。is there anything important in today39。s newspaper?今天報紙上有什么重要消息嗎?I need somebody strong to help 。 [英語語法手冊]英語數詞 概說定義和特征1)表示多少和第幾的詞,叫做數詞(numeral)。2)數詞與不定代詞相似,其用法或者相當于形容詞,或者相當于名詞。種類1)基數詞 表示多少的詞叫做基數詞(cardinal numeral),如:one (一),twenty(二十),hundred(百)等。2)序數詞 表示第幾的詞叫做序數詞(ordinal numeral),如:first (第一),twentieth (第二十),hundredth(第一百)等?;鶖翟~100以下的基本的墓數詞1 one[wQn] 11 eleven[i5levn]2 two[tu:] 12 twelve[twelv]3 three[Wri:] 13 thirteen [5We:5ti:n]4 four[fC:] 14 fourteen5 five [faiv] 15 fifteen [5fif5ti:n]6 six[siks] 16 sixteen7 seven [5sevn] 17 seventeen8 eight [eit] 18 eighteen[5ei5ti:n]9 nine[nain] 19 nineteen10 ten[ten] 20 twenty [5twenti]21 twentyone [5twenti5wQn] 60 sixty30 thirty [5WE:ti] 70 seventy40 forty [5fC:ti] 80 eighty50 fifty[5fifti] 90 ninety說明:1)1319皆以后綴teen[5ti:n]結尾,它們都有兩個重音。注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen的發(fā)音和拼法。2) 2090第十位數的整數均以后綴ty[ti]結尾。3)十位數和個位數之間須用連字號。如:twentyone(二十一),fiftyfive(五十五),ninetynine(九十九)等。100以上的基本的基數詞100 hundred [5hQndrid]1,000 thousand [5WauzEnd]1,000,000 million [5niljEn]百萬100,000,000 hundred million 一億1,000 million (=billion)十億499 four hundred and ninetynine(101999如此構成)3,876 three thousand eight hundred and seventysix (10019999皆如此構成)57,453 fiftyseven thousand four hundred and fiftythree(1000199999)皆如此構成)768, 921 seven hundred sixtyeight thousand nine hundred and twentyone8,641, 457 eight million six hundred fortyone thousand four hundred and fiftyseven50, 000, 000 fifty million500, 000, 000 five hundred million5, 000, 000, 000 five thousand million(或five billion)50, 000, 000, 000 fifty thousand million (或fifty billion)說明:1)100和100以上的基數詞須用hundred,thousand,million, billion等。2)十位數與百位數之間有and。但也有不用and的情況,如850可以讀作eight hundred fifty?;鶖翟~的用法基數詞在句中可用作下列句子成分:1)主語Two plus nine is 。Four times six is twentyfour. 四乘六得二十四。Three of them went to college last 。(如說the three of them,意思則是他們三個人)2)賓語Give me 。3)定語There are nineteen students in our 。My uncle bought two hand tractors 。(注)hundred(百),thousand(千)和million(百萬)作定語用時一律不用復數;作名詞用(后面多跟of短語)時則用復數。如:Our country has a population of l,200 million 。There are three thousand students in the 。Rice has been cultivated in the East for thousands of 。Maize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the 。 4)表語She is just 。He was already forty when he began to learn English他開始學英語時已經四十歲了。序數詞1-99的基本的序數詞序數詞 縮寫式 漢譯first [fE:st] lst 第一second [5sekEnd] 2nd 第 二third [We:d] 3rd 第三fouth [fC:W] 4th 第四fifth[fifW] 5th 第五sixth[siksW] 6th 第六seventh[5sevenW] 7th 第七eighth[eitW] 8th 第八ninth[nainW] 9th 第九tenth[tenW] 10th 第十eleventh 11th 第十一twelfth[twelfW] 12th 第十二thirteenth 13th 第十三nineteenth 19th 第十九twentieth [5twentiiW] 20th 第二十fortieth 40th 第四十fiftyfirst 51st 第五十一sixtysecond 62nd 第六十二eightythird 83rd 第八十三ninetyfourth 94th 第九十四說明:1)英語序數詞119除第一(first),第二(second),第三(third)有特殊形式外,其余均由基數詞后加th [W]構成。2)有幾個序數詞加 th 時拼法不規(guī)則,它們是:fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth。3)十位整數的序數詞的構成方法是:先將十位整數基數詞的詞尾 ty 中的y變成i,然后加eth [iW]。4)基數詞幾十幾變成序數詞時,僅將個位數變成序數詞,十位數不變。如twentyone變成twentyfirst。5)序數詞的縮寫形式,由阿拉伯數碼后加上序數詞的最后兩個字母構成。如:1st,2nd,3rd,4th,31st,82nd,93rd,94th等。序數詞的用法序數詞在句中可用作下列各個句子成分:1)主語The first is better than the 。2)賓語He was among the first to 。3)定語China exploded its first atom bomb in October 。His father died in the Second World 。4)表語Jack is always the first to get to the office in the 。[注]序數詞前面常用定冠詞the。分數和小數的讀法1)分數(fraction)分子為基數詞,分母為序數詞并有復數。1/2 one half [hB:f]; 1/3 onethird; 2/3 twothirds;1/4 onefourth或 one quarter [5kwC:tE]; 3/4 threefourths或 three quarters; 2 3/5 two and threefifths.2)小數(decimal) zero [5ziErEu] point five; one point two five; three point four five eight.[英語語法手冊]年、月、日、時刻表示法 年、月、日表示法1)年代 年代前用in。如:(in) 897讀作 (in) eight hundred and ninetyseven(in) 1961讀作(in) nineteen sixtyone (或in nineteen hundred and sixtyone)(in) 1905讀作(in) nine teen and five(in) 1800讀作(in) eighteen hundred2)月份 月份開頭第一個字母須大寫,表示在某月時,月份前面用介詞in。下面月份后附有縮寫式。如:(in) January (in) April (in)February (in) May五月(in) March (in) June六月(in) July七月(in) October (in) August (in)December (in) September (in)November 3)日期 用序數詞(前面須用the)表示;在某日,前面用介詞on。如:(on) the first 一日 (on) the eighteenth 十八日(on) the thirty=first 三十一日4)某年某月某日in September 1954 (讀作in September nineteen fifty four)1954年9月On May 17,1960(讀作on May (the) seventeenth nineteen Sisty ),1960年5月17日On October 1, 1949 (讀作On October (the) first,nineteen forty nine)1949年10月7日[注] the twenties,the thirties等可用來表示幾十年代。如in the nineties of the last century(在上一世紀的九十年代)。時刻表示法1)英語表時刻其前用at。如:We get up at six (或at six o39。clock).我們六點起床。They begin work at 。2)如說幾點幾分,則用下列方法表示:a)表示幾點過幾分,用介詞past,但分數須在半小時以內(包括半小時在內)。如:eleven past seven七點過十一分a quarter past eight 八點一刻half past nine九點半b)表示幾點差幾分,用介詞to,但分數須在半小時以上(不包括半小時在內)。如:two to seven七點差兩分a quarter to eight八點一刻eighteen to nine九點差十八分[注]讀時間表如上課時間表和行車時間表時,可以直接照表上數字讀。日常生活中講時刻也可用這樣的說法。如:7:15讀作seven fifteen 11:30讀作eleven thirty9:20讀作nine twenty 3:53讀作three fiftythree[英語語法手冊]形容詞 什么是形容詞形容詞(adjective)是修飾名詞表示名詞屬性的詞,常放在它所修飾的名詞之前。如:a lovely baby一個可愛的嬰兒the beautiful picture那幅美麗的圖畫modern history現代歷史形容詞的用法形容詞在句中可用作:1)定語He is a good 。The Chinese Communist Party is a great 。2)表語The film is both moving and ,而且富有教育意義。I am very glad to see 。3)賓語補足語 和賓語一起構成復合賓語。如:Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行裝都準備好了嗎?We keep our rooms clean and 。4)相當于名詞 某些形容詞前用定冠詞the,變成名詞化的形容詞,可在句中作主語、賓語等。如:The young are 。(the young作主語)The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能夠用指尖學習閱讀書籍。(the blind作主語)He has a keen sense of the 。(the new作賓語)[注一] 上述三例中的the young = the young p