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w一些,幾個(可數(shù)) little很少(不可數(shù)) a little一些(不可數(shù)) one一個(人或物) 不定代詞的用法 不定代詞大都可代替名詞和形容詞,在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語和定語。如: 1)用作主語 Both of them are ?! s everybody here?人都到了嗎? 2)用作賓語 I know little about the novel關(guān)于這本小說我知道的很少。 I am speaking for myself,not for ,不代表別人發(fā)言?! was interested in everything that the old man told ?! ?)用作表語 That39。s all for today. class is ?,F(xiàn)在下課?! his book is too much for ?! ?)用作定語 Study well and make progress every ,天天向上?! e has some English 。 china will bee a powerful modern country in another twenty 。 [注]有些不定代詞也可用作同位語和狀語。如: Wang and Li both made good 。(同位語) They all went to the 。(同位語) Are you any good at mathematics?你數(shù)學(xué)好嗎?(狀語) The meeting lasted some two 。(狀語) 復(fù)合不定代詞 由some,any,no,every加上body,one,thing構(gòu)成的不定代詞,叫做復(fù)合不定代詞?! ?)復(fù)合不定代詞有 a) somebody 某人 someone某人 something某物,某事 b) anybody 任何人 anyone 任何人 anything任何事物 c) nobody 無一人no one無一人 nothing [5nQWiN]無一物 d)everybody,everyone每人,大家,人人 everything每一個事物,一切 2)復(fù)合不定代詞的用法 a)復(fù)合不定代詞只相當于名詞,在句中用作主語、賓語和表語。如: Everything is made of 。(作主語) I have got nothing to 。(作賓語) something和anything的區(qū)別與some和any的區(qū)別一樣,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑問句或條件狀語從句中。如: Have you anything to say about this question? No, I haven39。t anything to say. (或I have nothing to say.)(或Yes, I have something to say.) 關(guān)于這個問題,你有什么話要講嗎?我沒有什么話要講。(我有話要說。) She told them something about her 。(作賓語) b)復(fù)合不定代詞被形容詞所修飾時,形容詞須放在它們的后面。如: There is nothing wrong with the 。 is there anything important in today39。s newspaper?今天報紙上有什么重要消息嗎? I need somebody strong to help 。 [英語語法手冊]英語數(shù)詞 概說 定義和特征 1)表示多少和第幾的詞,叫做數(shù)詞(numeral)?! ?)數(shù)詞與不定代詞相似,其用法或者相當于形容詞,或者相當于名詞。 種類 1)基數(shù)詞 表示多少的詞叫做基數(shù)詞(cardinal numeral),如:one (一),twenty(二十),hundred(百)等?! ?)序數(shù)詞 表示第幾的詞叫做序數(shù)詞(ordinal numeral),如:first (第一),twentieth (第二十),hundredth(第一百)等?! 』鶖?shù)詞 100以下的基本的墓數(shù)詞 1 one[wQn] 11 eleven[i5levn] 2 two[tu:] 12 twelve[twelv] 3 three[Wri:] 13 thirteen [5We:5ti:n] 4 four[fC:] 14 fourteen 5 five [faiv] 15 fifteen [5fif5ti:n] 6 six[siks] 16 sixteen 7 seven [5sevn] 17 seventeen 8 eight [eit] 18 eighteen[5ei5ti:n] 9 nine[nain] 19 nineteen 10 ten[ten] 20 twenty [5twenti] 21 twentyone [5twenti5wQn] 60 sixty 30 thirty [5WE:ti] 70 seventy 40 forty [5fC:ti] 80 eighty 50 fifty[5fifti] 90 ninety 說明: 1)1319皆以后綴teen[5ti:n]結(jié)尾,它們都有兩個重音。注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen的發(fā)音和拼法?! ?) 2090第十位數(shù)的整數(shù)均以后綴ty[ti]結(jié)尾。 3)十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)之間須用連字號。如:twentyone(二十一),fiftyfive(五十五),ninetynine(九十九)等?! ?00以上的基本的基數(shù)詞 100 hundred [5hQndrid] 1,000 thousand [5WauzEnd] 1,000,000 million [5niljEn]百萬 100,000,000 hundred million 一億 1,000 million (=billion)十億 499 four hundred and ninetynine(101999如此構(gòu)成) 3,876 three thousand eight hundred and seventysix (10019999皆如此構(gòu)成) 57,453 fiftyseven thousand four hundred and fiftythree(1000199999)皆如此構(gòu)成) 768, 921 seven hundred sixtyeight thousand nine hundred and twentyone 8,641, 457 eight million six hundred fortyone thousand four hundred and fiftyseven 50, 000, 000 fifty million 500, 000, 000 five hundred million 5, 000, 000, 000 five thousand million(或five billion) 50, 000, 000, 000 fifty thousand million (或fifty billion) 說明: 1)100和100以上的基數(shù)詞須用hundred,thousand,million, billion等?! ?)十位數(shù)與百位數(shù)之間有and。但也有不用and的情況,如850可以讀作eight hundred fifty。 基數(shù)詞的用法 基數(shù)詞在句中可用作下列句子成分: 1)主語 Two plus nine is ?! our times six is twentyfour. 四乘六得二十四?! hree of them went to college last 。 (如說the three of them,意思則是他們?nèi)齻€人) 2)賓語 Give me ?! ?)定語 There are nineteen students in our ?! y uncle bought two hand tractors ?! ?注)hundred(百),thousand(千)和million(百萬)作定語用時一律不用復(fù)數(shù);作名詞用(后面多跟of短語)時則用復(fù)數(shù)。如: Our country has a population of l,200 million ?! here are three thousand students in the ?! ice has been cultivated in the East for thousands of ?! aize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the 。 4)表語 She is just ?! e was already forty when he began to learn English他開始學(xué)英語時已經(jīng)四十歲了?! ⌒驍?shù)詞 1-99的基本的序數(shù)詞 序數(shù)詞 縮寫式 漢譯 first [fE:st] lst 第一 second [5sekEnd] 2nd 第 二 third [We:d] 3rd 第三 fouth [fC:W] 4th 第四 fifth[fifW] 5th 第五 sixth[siksW] 6th 第六 seventh[5sevenW] 7th 第七 eighth[eitW] 8th 第八 ninth[nainW] 9th 第九 tenth[tenW] 10th 第十 eleventh 11th 第十一 twelfth[twelfW] 12th 第十二 thirteenth 13th 第十三 nineteenth 19th 第十九 twentieth [5twentiiW] 20th 第二十 fortieth 40th 第四十 fiftyfirst 51st 第五十一 sixtysecond 62nd 第六十二 eightythird 83rd 第八十三 ninetyfourth 94th 第九十四 說明: 1)英語序數(shù)詞119除第一(first),第二(second),第三(third)有特殊形式外,其余均由基數(shù)詞后加th [W]構(gòu)成?! ?)有幾個序數(shù)詞加 th 時拼法不規(guī)則,它們是:fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth?! ?)十位整數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是:先將十位整數(shù)基數(shù)詞的詞尾 ty 中的y變成i,然后加eth [iW]?! ?)基數(shù)詞幾十幾變成序數(shù)詞時,僅將個位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞,十位數(shù)不變。如twentyone變成twentyfirst?! ?)序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式,由阿拉伯數(shù)碼后加上序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母構(gòu)成。如:1st,2nd,3rd,4th,31st,82nd,93rd,94th等。 序數(shù)詞的用法 序數(shù)詞在句中可用作下列各個句子成分: 1)主語 The first is better than the ?! ?)賓語 He was among the first to ?! ?)定語 China exploded its first atom bomb in October ?! is father died in the Second World ?! ?)表語 Jack is always the first to get to the office in the ?! 注]序數(shù)詞前面常用定冠詞the。 分數(shù)和小數(shù)的讀法 1)分數(shù)(fraction)分子為基數(shù)詞,分母為序數(shù)詞并有復(fù)數(shù)?! ?/2 one half [hB:f]; 1/3 onethird; 2/3 twothirds; 1/4 onefourth或 one quarter [5kwC:tE]; 3/4 threefourths或 three quarters; 2 3/5 two and threefifths. 2)小數(shù)(decimal) zero [5ziErEu] point five; one point two five; three point four five eight. [英語語法手冊]年、月、日、時刻表示法 年、月、日表示法 1)年代 年代前用in。如: (in) 897讀作 (in) eight hundred and ninetyseven (in) 1961讀作(in) nineteen sixtyone (或in nineteen hundred and sixtyone) (in)