【正文】 t authorities, the public telephone work etc. through mercial telemunication works. 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 82/93 transmission and reception of bridgetobridge munications。 ? This refers to the SOLAS requirement that access to VHF munication equipment must be available from the position at which the ship is normally navigated and, furthermore, that this must include operation on , the frequency reserved for intership munications relating to the Safety of Navigation. 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 83/93 Radio Personnel Requirements operator’s certificates The provisions of the Radio Regulations define four classes of operator certificate in Article S47, namely, ? First Class RadioElectronic Certificate (includes full onboard maintenance), ? Second Class Radio Electronic Certificate (includes limited onboard maintenance), ? General Operator’s Certificate (worldwide operation, but not including maintenance), ? Restricted Operator’s Certificate (for A1 ships) 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 84/93 operator’s requirements ? Regarding the numbers and qualifications of radio personnel required on board a ship, the following rules apply: 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 85/93 Regulation IV/16 of the SOLAS Convention requires that: ? Every ship shall carry personnel qualified for distress and safety radiomunication purposes to the satisfaction of the administration. The personnel shall be holders of certificates specified in the Radio Regulations as appropriate, any one of whom shall be designated to have primary responsibility for radiomunications during distress incidents. 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 86/93 Article S47 of the Radio Regulations requires that GMDSS ship radio stations: ? “ shall be controlled by an operator holding a certificate issued or recognized by the government to which the station is subject”. 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 87/93 Article S48 of the Radio Regulations ? requires that the personnel of ship stations and ship earth stations for which a radio installation is pulsory under international agreements(1) and which use the frequencies and techniques of the GMDSS shall include at least: ? a) for stations on board ships which sail beyond the range of VHF coast stations, taking into account the provisions of SOLAS: a holder of a firstor second – class radio electronic certificate or a general operator’s certificate (GOC)。 ? b) for stations on board ships which sail within the range of VHF coast stations, taking into account the provisions of SOLAS: a holder of a firstor second – class radio electronic certificate or a general operator’s certificate (GOC) or a restricted operator’s certificate (ROC)(2) 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 88/93 Means of Ensuring Availability of Ship Station Equipment ? The SOLAS Convention requires that each country shall ensure that the radio equipment is maintained to provide the availability of those nine functions detailed above. 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 89/93 3 maintenance methods: ? ? Duplication of equipment (DOE)。 ? ? Shorebased maintenance (SBM)。 and ? ? Atsea maintenance (ASM). 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 90/93 Ships trading in areas Al and A2, shall ensure this availability by using at least one of the following methods: ? ? Duplication of equipment (DOE)。 ? ? Shorebased maintenance (SBM)。 and ? ? Atsea maintenance (ASM). 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 91/93 On ships trading in areas A3 and A4, this availability shall be ensured by using a bination of at least two of the following methods: ? ? Duplication of equipment (DOE)。 ? ? Shorebased maintenance (SBM)。 and ? ? Atsea maintenance (ASM). 2022 April GMDSS Services – Lecture 1 92/93 s