【正文】 KT8仍不動作，故障在其本身。如時間繼電器KT8吸合而KT9不吸合，可短接3和KT9的接線柱或KT8的延時觸點，檢查KT9的故障。用同樣的方法可檢查出K12不動作的故障點。對于中間繼電器K12吸合而橫梁不下降的故障，因橫梁下降接觸器KM10的線圈電路中串聯(lián)的觸點較多，其中有一觸點接觸不良或不閉合，就會導致KM10不吸合，用短接法檢查更為方便。第5章 機床的試車與維護注意事項 試車注意事項：（1）試車前，操作者以及有關人員應詳細了解說明書，熟悉機床的操作、潤滑、調(diào)整及維護等方法。（2）按照標準加足油量，擦凈導軌，加油潤滑。（3）松開刀架，滑枕的夾緊螺釘，用手移動看其是否靈活。（4）檢查各部電氣接線是否正確。（5）開動油泵，查看油壓是否正常。（6）向滑枕平衡油缸及橫梁夾緊機構的油缸排氣（排氣螺釘在油缸上）。（7）開動機床各部分查看其轉動是否正常。 維護注意事項：（1）機床開動前，應檢查工件、卡爪是否已經(jīng)卡緊。（2）每班前必須檢查機床的潤滑情況，各導軌面必須清潔有油。（3）工作臺未停止前，不準變速，不準升降橫梁。（4）開動油泵后，工作臺變速后，信號燈不亮不準起動工作臺。（5）橫梁升降前，應將橫梁后部的手壓油泵潤滑開關轉到“導軌”位置，操作手壓油泵，潤滑其導軌與升降螺母。（6）經(jīng)常清洗濾油器，使它保持清潔，以免油壓產(chǎn)生不正?，F(xiàn)象。（7）機床初次使用二周后必須進行一次換油，以后六個月?lián)Q一次油。（8）在初期使用200小時內(nèi)要遵守下列事項：①工件重量不超過容許負荷的50%。②切削力不超過最大切削力的50%。第6章 結論目前，針對該機床的PLC電氣控制系統(tǒng)的設計已經(jīng)完成，樣件加工完全達到預期效果。從整個機床的使用、運行狀態(tài)來看，改造后的機床與原機床相比，除可以滿足普通端面的切削外，還可以加工出普通立式車床無法加工的復雜曲面類零件，極大地拓寬了機床加工零件的范圍，并更好的保證了零件加工的一致性和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。改造后的機床增強了可維修性。PLC的設計應用，成功地使各個控制部分達到了協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一，極大地簡化了機床控制線路及所需元器件，更有利于提高整個系統(tǒng)的可靠性。機床改造取得了以下效果，達到了預期的改造目的：，還可以加工出普通立式車床無法加工處理的復雜曲面類零件，大大擴大了機床的加工范圍。，加工出來的零件的精度高、尺寸一致性好、廢品率低。參考文獻［1］［2］［3］［4］［5］：［6］. ［7］［8］：［9］［10］[M].2006［11］：［12］：［13］：致謝經(jīng)過近半學期的忙碌，本次畢業(yè)設計已經(jīng)接近尾聲，在此，我要感謝每一個幫助過我的人。首先,我要感謝的是我的導師張有東老師。張老師平日里工作繁多，但在我做畢業(yè)設計的每個階段，都給予我悉心的指導和幫助。可以說，沒有張老師的悉心指導和幫助，我是不可能順利完成我的畢業(yè)設計的。另外，他的治學嚴謹和科學研究的精神也是我永遠學習的榜樣，并將積極影響我今后的學習和工作。再次，我要感謝的是同組做設計的各位同窗，在我畢業(yè)設計期間，他們給了我不少的關心和幫助。最后我要感謝的是我親愛的華北科技學院以及華北科技學院的每一位老師和同學?？傊兄x每一位關心過我，愛護過我的人。滴水之恩，當涌泉相報。最后，再次感謝我的導師張有東老師。附錄外文資料PLC technique discussion and future developmentAlong with the development of the ages, the technique that is nowadays is also gradually perfect, the petition plays more strong。 the operation that list depends the artificial has already can39。t satisfied with the current manufacturing industry foreground, also can39。t guarantee the request of the higher quantity and high new the image of the technique business enterprise.The people see in produce practice, automate brought the tremendous convenience and the product quantities for people up of assurance, also eased the personnel39。s labor strength, reduce the establishment on the personnel. The target control of the hard realization in many plicated production lines, whole and excellent turn, the best decision etc., welltrained operation work, technical personnel or expert, governor but can judge and operate easily, can acquire the satisfied result. The research target of the artificial intelligence makes use of the calculator exactly to carry out, imitate these intelligences behavior, moderating the work through person39。s brain and calculators, with the mode that person39。s machine bine, for resolve the very plicated problem to look for the best path.We e in sight of the control that links after the electric appliances in various situation, that is already the that time generation past, now of after use in the mold a perhaps simple equipments of grassroots control that the electric appliances can do for the low level only。 And the PLC emergence also became the epochmaking topic, adding the vivid software control through a very and stable hardware, making the automation head for the new high tide.The PLC biggest characteristics lie in: The electrical engineering teacher already no longer electric hardware up too many calculations of cost, as long as order the importation that the button switch or the importation of the sensors order to link the PLC up can solve problem, pass to output to order the conjunction contact machine or control the start equipments of the big power after the electric appliances, but the exportation equipments direct conjunction of the small power can.PLC internal containment have the CPU of the CPU, and take to have an I/ O for expand of exterior to connect a people39。s address and saving machine three big pieces to constitute, CPU core is from an or many is tired to add the machine to constitute, mathematics that they have the logic operation ability, and can read the procedure save the contents of the machine to drive the homologous saving machine and I/ Os to connect after pass the calculation。 The I/ O add inner part is tired the input and output system of the machine and exterior link, and deposit the related data into the procedure saving machine or data saving machine。 The saving machine can deposit the data that the I/ O input in the saving machine, and in work adjusting to bee tired to add the machine and I/ Os to connect, saving machine separately saving machine RAM of the procedure saving machine ROM and dates, the ROM can do deposit of the data permanence in the saving machine, but RAM only for the CPU putes the temporary calculation usage of hour of buffer space.The PLC anti interference is very and excellent, our root need not concern its service life and the work situation bad, these all problems have already no longer bee the topic that we fail, but stay to our is a concern to e to internal resources of make use of the PLC to strengthen the control ability of the equipments for us, make our equipments more gentle.PLC language is not we imagine of edit collected materials the language or language of Cs to carry on weaving the distance, but the trapezoid diagram that the adoption is original after the electric appliances to control, make the electrical engineering teacher while weaving to write the procedure very easy prehended the PLC language, and a lot of non electricity professional also very quickly know and go deep into to the PLC.Is PLC one of the advantage above and only, this is also one part that the people prehend more and easily, in a lot of equipments, the people have already no longer hoped to see too many control buttons, they damage not only and easily and produce the artificial error easiest, small is not a main error perhaps you can still accept。 But lead even is a fatal error greatly is what we can39。t is tolerant of. New technique always for bringing more safe and convenient operation for us, make we a lot of problems for face on sweep but light, do you understand the H