果蔬產(chǎn)品采后采后生理失調(diào)-資料下載頁(yè)
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【正文】 5 不噴灑 ,真空滲入 5 噴灑 , 真空滲入 1 不同采前和采后鈣處理對(duì)蘋果（ Cox 品種）鈣含量和采后生理失調(diào)的影響 (二 ) 缺硼引起的營(yíng)養(yǎng)失調(diào) (Disorders associated with low boron levels) 癥狀： 黑心 肉質(zhì)部分的木質(zhì)化 解決方法：田間噴施硼砂 (borax) 四、乙烯毒害 (Ethylene injury) TABLE2 Examples of detrimental effects of ethylene on postharvest quality of vegetables Commodity Symptoms of Ethylene injury Aspragus Increase toughness of spears Beans,Snap Loss of green color (yellowing) Broccoli Yellowing, abscission of florets, development of offflavors Cabbage and Chinese Cabbage Yellowing and abscission of leaves Carrots Development of bitter flavor Cauliflower Leaf abscission and yellowing,brown discoloration of remaining portions of leaves Cucumber and Summer Squash Accelerated softening,yellowing Eggplant Calyx(花萼 ) abscission,browning of pulp (果肉 )and seeds,accelerated decay Lettuce Russet(赫色 ) spotting Potato Sprouting Sweet Potato Brown discoloration and offflavor detectable upon cooking Turnip Increased toughness Watermelon Reduced firmness, flesh tissue maceration resulting in thinner rind, poor flavor TABLE 3 Examples of detrimental effects of ethylene on ornamentals and nursery stock Commodity Symptoms of ethylene injury Cut Flowers Failure to open of flowers cut at the bud stage,closure of open flowers (“sleepiness”) Flowering Plants Flower abscission, flower closure(wilting) Foliage Plants Abscission of leaves, leaf chlorosis(變色 ), epinastic responses (downward curvature of leaves) Flowering Bulbs Inhibition of shoot and root elongation,fo rmation of abnormal flowers,induction of gummosis in tulips,flowerbud abscission in lily. Geranium seedlings Development of chlorosis on leaves,poor growth after planting Dormant nursery Reduced budbreak,greater mortality after Stock planting 39。Sensitivity of cut flowers to ethylene varies greatly with carantion being one of the most sensitive 五、有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)引起的生理失調(diào) (Disorders resulting from toxic chemicals) ?漂白粉 (Chlorine)— 用作殺菌劑 ?氨 (Ammonia)— 用作致冷劑 ?SO2— 用作葡萄的抗真菌劑 ?CaCL2— 用于控制苦痘病 ?溴代甲烷 (Methyl bromide)— 用于控制昆蟲 ?二溴化乙烯 (Ethylenedibromide)— 用于熏蟲劑 主要癥狀： ?表面形成黑點(diǎn) (dark spots) ?局部細(xì)胞壞死
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