【導(dǎo)讀】摘要文化模式是文化成果的抽象,文化成果是文化模式的具體體現(xiàn)。住宅建筑，與人類生活息息相關(guān)。受集體主義價(jià)值模式的影響，中國(guó)形成四合院式、土。木結(jié)構(gòu)的住宅；而英國(guó)個(gè)人主義價(jià)值模式的影響形成了獨(dú)立式的住宅。本文通過(guò)比較中英建筑的區(qū)別，揭示其文化模式的差異。人們的生活習(xí)慣又受到這。兩種不同風(fēng)格住宅的影響，并形成一些特有的民族語(yǔ)言及民族文化語(yǔ)義。英文化中不同的個(gè)人獨(dú)立狀態(tài)和私人空間意識(shí)。

　　

【正文】 on the origination of culture, it originated in the interaction of nature and human beings. As a result of the challenge from the nature and the resistance of 淮陰師范學(xué)院 本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 9 the mankind, culture is created (Liu 6). That is to say, the different culture pattern resulted in the geographical conditions of the countries. The Great Britain is a country made up of many islands with sea all around and is separated from the main continent. Then the challenge from the nature is the sea, and by sailing the British conquer the sea, namely the natural world. For this reason, the concept of being conqueror of the nature came into being. The British people are independent on the nature and also people around. They take themselves the most important and the idea of individualism appeared. China has a large territory and the challenge is mainly from the ground but not the sea. The Chinese attitude towards nature is not conquering but exploring the natural resources for living. Hence, the Chinese people are depending on the nature and plying with the environment. The Chinese take nature as a close friend and a unique relationship is maintained that Chinese people are being harmonious with the nature. Such relation turned to be the Chinese traditional philosophic idea of “the unification of man and nature”. For this, people depending on the nature and also on each other. Therefore, the mon concept of collectivism came into being. Sense of a word is the description of the reality and the product of people’s thinking, which can be the reflection of their knowing and attitudes towards the objective world and others. Individualism is a word of British culture and at the beginning it is hard for Chinese people to prehend it. As it is the opposition of the collectivism, Chinese people took it in a derogatory sense. In fact, it is just a different attitude towards interpersonal relationship. And the distinction of the architectural features is the result of the different concepts of individualism and collectivism in the two culture pattern. The embodiment of the culture In fact, as the architecture built of different features dominated by the culture pattern, it may affect people’s life styles and characters to disclose the culture type. There are still living conventions reflecting the different cultures just as the saying of Winston Churchill, “we modeled architectures and the buildings have also constructed us.” 淮陰師范學(xué)院 本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 10 Selfreliance and dependence The image of being independent is just like the British character of selfreliance. In fact, the British people always take the individuals as the most important, that is their concept of value is individualism. Because of the idea of individualism, people are independent and pay special attention on the importance selfreliance. They are seldom depending on others or offering to others their hands. The selfreliance of the British character had been a long history. And the spirit of the British nobility also demands for such a selfdependence character. “The spirit of the nobility is also featured by the strong desire for selfdependence. He allows nobody to intrude on any of his rights. If he wants to keep his status of being independent and free, he would rely on no one else but himself” (Qian284). The British parents always attach importance to the exercising the children’s character of selfreliance. The British parents don’t always have the baby in the hand but let him creeping whereabouts and doing things at wills. They make it sleep not with the mother but in the cradle. They would like to give the children their own rooms when they are very young to give them the freedom of doing what they want. The parents will not help the child up when he’s slipping down but let them stand up on himself. The Chinese have been always taking the collective as more important than the individuals. Namely, they are of the collectivism. For this reason, Chinese architectures pay special attention to the architectures as a whole, just as the Chinese people. “No image of being individual can be found in traditional Chinese society. Even if the buildings of powers such as the emperor’s palaces and those religious architectures would not emphasize on one individual part to show its power for it is considered to be the supreme powerful that the bined system of the god, human and nature. Hence the construction of an architecture showing powers needs more attentions on the characteristic of bination” (Zhang 17). In fact, the unique timber structure of Chinese architectures also embody the nationality of being bination and. Such a timber structure is the timber framework posed of columns, beams, purlins and a multitude of corbel brackets. This structure reflects the character of collective cooperation and dependence on each other. This timber structure is described in words that “The walls may topple down but the roof will not collapse” (Zhu 36). And people 淮陰師范學(xué)院 本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 11 would like to call people who play a leading role of a family or a larger group the “dingliangzhu”, the part of the timber framework that is the central role and mainstay of the structure. These characters of cooperation and dependence are considered to be the traditional virtues of the Chinese people. For instance, the Chinese are famous for their hospitality and helpfulness because they are ready to help each other. They will e out to offer their hands if there is something important in the courtyard or even the village. Most of the Chinese have the experience of eating at the neighbors’ when there is no body at home. And parents in China are always trying their best to make arrangement for the children. Thus people are always dependent on the parents, the neighbors and the collective. Privacy and social concern The independe