【導(dǎo)讀】尤其是用于避免振蕩和超調(diào)現(xiàn)象的汽車照明應(yīng)用上，為了這個(gè)目的，在芯片上集成了優(yōu)化軟啟動(dòng)和電流升降控制技術(shù)。這個(gè)智能的驅(qū)動(dòng)適用于可調(diào)節(jié)的溫度和電壓需求。歷了一個(gè)非?？焖俚倪M(jìn)步時(shí)代，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)了嚴(yán)格的二氧化碳排放要求和降低了燃料的消耗,汽車制造商必須減少總的功率消耗?？岘h(huán)境下并且他們的成本是降低的。足夠的數(shù)字電子控制單元界面，同時(shí)需要應(yīng)付不同的布線配置和相關(guān)拓展。例如那些由于激振效應(yīng)所產(chǎn)生的共振的線電感和連接器電容。通常,在汽車環(huán)境中，幾米長電線使用,就會生成強(qiáng)烈振蕩。

　　

【正文】 f the turnon phase. 開關(guān)負(fù)載的調(diào)制周期頻率頻率 (即 T開和 T關(guān) )參數(shù) ,從而控制開機(jī)階段的 相位。 As application example in Fig. 8, the time necessary to reach the steady luminous state of a 10Wload can be greatly reduced by modifying the duty cycle of the control signal (., from 33% to 72% in the example of Fig. 8). Therefore, the Soft Start 作為 應(yīng)用在圖 8的例子 ,必要的時(shí)間到達(dá)穩(wěn)定的發(fā)光狀態(tài) 10 w負(fù)載可以大大降低 通過修改工作周期的控制信號 (如 ,從 33%到 72%的例子 ,圖 8)。 strategy is a particular way of using the current control loop in Fig. 4 and the control logic acting on the MB and the power MOS transistors not for power efficiency issues, but to face inrush 因此 ,軟啟動(dòng)方式是一種特定的方式來使用該電流控制回路，在圖 4控制邏輯作用于 MB金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體晶體管的能量不是功率效率問題 ， currents during fast turnon LED transients. The drawback 但需要面對快速瞬變電流刺激的涌入。 by pushing this strategy to optimize time performance is the risk of a dieoverheating by supplying the maximum current for a long period. To this aim, OverTemperature Protection, using onchip temperature sensor, is integrated into the driver to 缺點(diǎn)是按這個(gè)策略來優(yōu)化時(shí)間性能的的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)通過會長時(shí)間提供模具過熱的最大電流。為達(dá)此目的 ,過熱保護(hù) ,使用芯片上的溫度傳感器。 prevent the device to be damaged, by turning to a standby mode the entire driver until a sufficient cooling has occurred. 集成到驅(qū)動(dòng)為了防止設(shè)備損壞 ,轉(zhuǎn)向一種待機(jī)模式直到整個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)都變得足夠冷卻。 Finally, the device presents a low power absorption, a feature extremely important for a LED driver IC. As shown in Table I, 最后 ,該設(shè)備提供了一個(gè)低功率吸收的一個(gè)功能非常重要的 LED驅(qū)動(dòng)文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 集成電路。 the power absorbed by the logic controlling the power switching 如同在一部分提到的那樣，邏輯控制功率切換控制著功率吸收。 TABLE I POWER PERFORMANCE OF THE PROPOSED SMART DRIVER 表格 1 智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的動(dòng)力性能 TABLE II WIRING PARASITIC ESTIMATION 表格 2 寄生接線的估算 MOS is almost negligible during turn OFF and power down phases, and it is very low even during the turn ON of the load, with a maximum of while driving a 1A load. MOS在關(guān)掉電源中斷階段是幾乎可以忽略不 ,即使它是在打開的負(fù)載情況下也是非常低的，大概最大在 微瓦當(dāng)帶一個(gè)負(fù)載的時(shí)候。 The main power switch MOS has been designed with a high aspect ratio W/L to minimize its draintosource on resistance and hence to minimize the power dissipation during the turnon 主電源開關(guān) MOS已經(jīng)被設(shè)計(jì)為一個(gè)高縱橫比 W / L來減少它的漏源極導(dǎo)通電阻從而來減少在開機(jī)階段功耗。 phase. In experimental measures with 12 and 14V batteries, Vref set to , and 1A load, the power consumption is limited to over 12W and 14W, respectively (., the measured 在實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)候用 12和 14 伏特的電池 ,Vref設(shè)置為 伏特 ,一個(gè) 1安培的負(fù)荷 ,功率消耗是限制分別在 12瓦特和 14瓦特。（測量功率效率要達(dá)到 %以上） power efficiency is up to %). The minimum Vref value is roughly , limited by the voltage drop on the diode in 最低 Vref值大概是 ,二極管的電壓降限制如圖 4所示。 文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 Fig. 4. Hence, with 1A load current the power consumption of the driver would be roughly and, considering a 12V battery system, this leads to a maximum power efficiency of 因此 ,如果負(fù)載電流的功率消耗的驅(qū)動(dòng)都是大概在 ,考慮一個(gè)12伏特電池系統(tǒng) , 這令最大的功率效率為 95%. 95%. The smart power IC in Fig. 4 can sustain voltage from –15 to 55V and temperature from –40 to 150 ?C. It has an area 在圖四中的智能功率集成電路可以維持電壓從 15伏特到 55伏特，溫度從 40攝氏度到攝氏度。 of , dominated by the power MOS and its protection 它的面積為 ,主要由功率 MOS及其保護(hù)的二極管。 was found between increased area of the power MOS and reduction of its onresistance and hence of the power consumption. 關(guān)掉被發(fā)現(xiàn)增加了區(qū)域之間 MOS以及減少電阻，因此增加了功率消耗。 IV. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 五 .實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果 The behavior of the proposed smart driver was evaluated and experimental results are shown. Real automotive cables 對上述行為進(jìn)行了評估 ,并提出了智能驅(qū)動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示。 were measured and then the extracted parasitic ponents, see 真實(shí)汽車電纜用于測量 ,然后提取寄生元件 ,從表格 2可以看出，被用于以下測量值。 Table II, are used for the following measurements. According to the scheme in Fig. 9, Fig. 10 pares the results achieved with our driver without slope current control [see Fig. 10(a)] 根據(jù)在圖 9圖 10取得的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的驅(qū)動(dòng)沒有電流升降控制。 and with slope current control enabled [see Fig. 10(b)] when the load is the series of three with only 50mA forward 和升降電流控制時(shí)使當(dāng)負(fù)載是三個(gè) led燈串聯(lián)時(shí)只有 50毫安文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 的正向偏壓。 biased. In this case, without the current slope control, ringing phenomena can occur. This can be avoided thanks to the slope 在這種情況 下 ,沒有電流升降控制、振蕩現(xiàn)象會可以發(fā)生。 current control of the proposed LED driver [see Fig. 10(b)]. To 這些不會發(fā)生歸功于 LED驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的電流升降控制。 rise up the current flowing in the driver, the scheme in Fig. 9 has been modified and five LEDs have been mounted in parallel way, each forward biased with 20 mA. The parison 為了上升啟動(dòng)電流驅(qū)動(dòng) ,該方案在圖 9中已修改并且五個(gè) 光二極管已經(jīng)被并聯(lián)在一起 ,每個(gè)正向偏壓為 20毫安。 V. CONCLUSION 六 .小結(jié) The letter presented the design and experimental characterization of a smart driver for LED automotive applications. The 這文章提出智能驅(qū)動(dòng) LED汽車應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí) 驗(yàn)特征。 driver integrates in HV CMOS technology both the power devices to drive LEDs of several Watts and the lowpower digital circuitry for ECU interfacing, driver configuration, and advanced 這個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)利用高壓 CMOS技術(shù)集成電力設(shè)備來驅(qū)動(dòng)用于 ECU接口的幾瓦的發(fā)光二極管和低功耗數(shù)字電路 , control techniques such as Soft Start, Current Slope Control, overcurrent, and overtemperature limitations. Experimental 驅(qū)動(dòng)程序配置和先進(jìn)的控制技術(shù) ,如軟啟動(dòng)、電流升降控制、過流、超溫控制。 characterization with LEDs of different power levelsand with different types of connections is also discussed. 對 二極管 不同的電壓等級和不同的連接方式的實(shí)驗(yàn)特征也做了討論。 Control against ringing are the distingushing features of thedriver versus the state of the art. 對振蕩的控制是對驅(qū)動(dòng)控制的核心。