【正文】 by the OTA in Fig. 4, 并且 MOS的能量是由如圖四中的 OTA驅動的，通過線性的電流調節(jié)器。 The measurements shown in this letter are obtained with a Vref 這篇文章中的測量值是通過額定電壓獲得， 。 current is flowing. Summarizing, depending on the status of the switch devices in Fig. 3, the output voltage Vo can be pulled down to ground, or pulled up to Vbatt or forced to Vref . 根據不同開關設備的狀態(tài)，如圖 3所示 ,輸出電壓可以接地 ,或者強迫為電源的額定電壓。 When the LED is ON (user switch and power switch in Fig. 3 當發(fā)光二極管打開，（用開關或者圖 3的電源開關都可以使運轉） both enabled), the regulation loop is activated and the output 調節(jié)回路是激活的，輸出電壓是控制為參考電壓的。 the low side main power switch (power MOS in Fig. 4), in series with the Diode that provides reverse polarity capability to the device, is turn ON. The LED driver has been integrated as hard macrocell LED驅動程序已經被集成在一個復雜的大容量的電池汽車控制單元集成電路中 in a plex automotive control unit IC, implemented in Austria micro systems (AMS) μ m CMOS technology. Fig 5 被用在 。 .In Fig. 3, the scheme of the wiring parasitic and of a possible connection between the driver and the load is shown: the output pin of the driver, 在圖三中，該計劃的布線寄生和可能的在驅動和負載的連接 中顯示 :輸出的驅動程序，其功能可以用一個簡單的開關描述，是連接發(fā)光二極管，并且和汽車的 whose functionality can be represented by a simple switch to the ground, is connected to a LED, in series with the car battery and another switch, controlled by the user through a button or 電池和另外一個開關連接，而用戶通過一個按鈕或 點火鑰匙來控制它。 文獻翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 as series and parallel configuration of LEDs. Low power LEDs, like those employed in the car dashboard, absorbing 30–50mW, 像那些 3050毫瓦的用 于汽車儀表盤的低功率發(fā)光二極管，包括那些排列在一起的總功率到 10瓦特的發(fā)光二極管或燈泡，能被提議的設計驅動。 LED驅動可以被顯示到數字電子控制單元， digital ECU [13]–[15] and is able to cope with different wiring 從而它可以處理各種長度的電線配置和寄生電路。 of those loads. Those pictures show the necessity of using a 這些圖片展示了使用一個設計良好的 LED驅動從而避免寄生電路的重要性。 shown in [10]–[12], cannot be directly used to drive efficiently LEDs. This is particularly true when the LED and the driver are 這一點是完全正確的當發(fā)光二極管和驅動在汽車連接中被幾米的電纜分割的時候。 and follows the Shockley exponential I–V law. A very small fluctuation on the voltage across the LED can generate a very 一個很小的電壓起伏通過發(fā)光二極管可能引起一個很大的電流變化文獻翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 影響。 the literature. The main difficulties in the design of a universal 設計一個足夠的靈活的發(fā)光二極管驅動應用在不同的接線配置 最大的難題是振蕩和電磁干擾問題。 strings. Temperature and voltage range operating conditions are 溫度和電壓等級的工作條件也被測量判斷。 below the characteristic frequency of the wire. A pact and efficient LED driver is needed, overing the above issues and featuring a high flexibility to face different LED power levels, 一個緊湊和高效的 LED驅動程序是必要的 ,是為了克服上述問題和具有高靈活性，去面對不同的發(fā)光二極管功率級別，連接拓撲和電線寄生。 with respect to electromagic interference (EMI) and to overtemperature, overcurrent, and overvoltage phenomena, such as those due to ringing effects generated by resonance of 例如那些由于激振效應所產生的共振的線電感和連接器電容。 LEDs have reached quality and reliability factors that permit their use in automotive harsh environment and in addition 發(fā)光二極管已達到質量和可靠性因素 ,可保證他們可使用在汽車的嚴文獻翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 酷環(huán)境下并且他們的成本是降低的。 文獻翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 sustains automotive temperature and voltage requirements。文獻翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 《 畢業(yè)設計 》 文獻翻譯 院 系 ： 電子電氣工程學院 學 號 ： 021309208 姓 名 ： 吳驍奕 指導教師 ： 曾國輝 完成時間： 2020/2/15 文獻翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 文獻翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 A Flexible LED Driver for Automotive Lighting Applications: IC Design and Experimental Characterization 一個靈活的 LED驅動汽車照明應用 :集成電路設計和實驗特征 Abstract—This letter presents a smart driver for LEDs, particularly 摘要：這文章提出了一個智能驅動發(fā)光二極管 ， for automotive lighting applications, which avoid ringing 尤其是用于避免振蕩和超調現象的汽車照明應用上 ， and overshoot phenomena. To this aim, advanced Soft Start and 為了這個目的，在芯片上集成了優(yōu)化軟啟動和電流升降控制技術 。 characterizations with LEDs of different power levels and with different types of connections are showed. The smart driver 這個智能的驅動適用于可調節(jié)的溫度和電壓需求。 adoption of LEDs in place of bulbs permits to have about five times less power consumption at equal output lighting intensity. 采用發(fā)光二極管代替燈泡在同等輸出功率照明強度下損耗將降低五倍。 parasitics [2]. Automotive lighting systems should be also robust 汽車照明系統也應該對電磁干擾 (EMI)和超溫、過流以及過電壓現象有應變能力。 [3]. To avoid or limit these effects the LED cannot be driven by a mechanical relay but a smart driver is required to control the slope of the LED current during transient, keeping it 為了避免或限制這些影響發(fā)光二極管不能由一個機械繼電器控制但智能的驅動被要求需要在瞬態(tài)控制 LED電流的斜率，以保持它在電線文獻翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 的特征頻率以下。 its distinguishing features. Section IV presents its experimental 第四部分介紹了發(fā)光二極管在不同功率等級下的實驗特征，從幾十毫瓦特 characterization with LEDs of different power levels, from tens of milliwatts to several watts, used standalone, or connected in 到幾瓦特在獨立或幾個連接下的狀態(tài)。 [3]–[10]. However, a pact solution integrating 然而 ,一個緊湊的集成解決方案在一個單芯片數字 ECU接口 , on a single chip a digital ECU interface, a lowpower conf