【導(dǎo)讀】而另一方面，哈大高鐵的落成和運(yùn)行，體現(xiàn)出我國對于新興的交通工具的發(fā)展和。應(yīng)用得到進(jìn)一步的提升。我國在“十二五”之后，黨中央、國務(wù)院對于城市交通的發(fā)展和。個(gè)城市都普遍存在的交通堵塞、停車難、城市交通管理水平低下等問題得到緩解和解決。居樂業(yè)的積極作用。因此，本文著重研究我國城市管理的現(xiàn)狀，借鑒先進(jìn)城市的交通管理。經(jīng)驗(yàn)，探討我國城市交通管理未來發(fā)展的方向與目標(biāo)。

　　

【正文】 共和國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展第十二個(gè)五年規(guī)劃綱要 [3] 交通運(yùn)輸部道路運(yùn)輸司 .城市公共交通 十二五 發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要 (征求意見稿 ) [4] 網(wǎng)絡(luò) . 中國交通規(guī)劃發(fā)展歷程 中國交通規(guī)劃發(fā)展歷程，交通，規(guī)劃，城市，八十年代，政府 專題 （ [5] 舒淵 . 城市交通管理規(guī)劃的現(xiàn)狀與思 考 .今日論壇 . [6] 網(wǎng)絡(luò) . 城市交通規(guī)劃事業(yè)的回顧與發(fā)展 中國城市軌道交通網(wǎng) （ [7] 中國統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒 2021 [8] 曹敏暉 . 城市交通存在的問題及對策分析 . 重慶交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)（社會科學(xué)版） [9] 李洪佳 . 城市道路交通管理研究 . 實(shí)踐和探索 . [10] 網(wǎng)絡(luò) . “ 中國式過馬路 ” 應(yīng)警示全面交通安全意識 （ ） [11] 網(wǎng)絡(luò) . 河南欒川湯營大橋垮塌事故已造成至少 50 人遇難 （ [12] 陳映紅 . 從公共管理視角看城市公共交通 . 中國商界（下半月） [13] 李建華 . 重慶市城市交通發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及其對策研究 . 重慶大學(xué)碩 士論文 . [14] 葉旭河 . 紐海文城市交通管理考察 .交通萬象 . [15] 李朝陽，華智 . 新時(shí)期大都市公共交通發(fā)展策略研究 — 香港公交發(fā)展啟示 .人文地理 [16] 蘇劍，杜麗群，王沛，劉欲然 . 香港城市交通管理模式及其對內(nèi)地城市的啟示 . 重慶理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào) (社會科學(xué) ). [17] 崔世華（導(dǎo)師：陳紅 ). 城市生態(tài)交通規(guī)劃理論與方法研究 . 長安大學(xué)碩士論文 . [18] 郝翠麗（導(dǎo)師：王秋平，李修忠） . 中小城市交通可持續(xù)發(fā)展研 究 . 西安建筑科技大學(xué)碩士論文 . [19] 段革花，金智濤 淺析城市公共交通管理體制改革 . 甘肅科技縱橫 . [20] 周明 . 解決我國城市交通管理問題的措施淺析 . 市政建設(shè) . [21] 劉江 . 城市公共交通管理中的幾個(gè)建議 . 工作研究 . 中國礦業(yè)大學(xué) 09 屆本科生畢業(yè)論文 第 16 頁 參考書目： [1] 徐循初 城市道路與交通規(guī)劃 (上下冊 ) 中國建筑工業(yè)出版社 [2] 交通運(yùn)輸部道路運(yùn)輸司城市公共交通管理概論 人民交通出版社 [3] 李文 城市軌道交通法安全管 理法規(guī)文件匯編人民交通出版社 [4] 張戎，李楓 城市軌道交通企業(yè)管理 人民交通出版社 [5] 北京市公共交通總公司 城市公共交通行車安全管理中國建筑工業(yè)出版社 [6] 莫露全等 城市公共交通運(yùn)營管理 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 [7] 安實(shí) 王健 徐亞國 李靜著 城市智能交通管理技術(shù)與應(yīng)用 科學(xué)出版社 中國礦業(yè)大學(xué) 09 屆本科生畢業(yè)論文 第 17 頁 附錄 (英文 ) Tailored and Ontime Winter Weather Information for Road Traffic Management Thomas Gerz, Arnold Tafferner, Shinju Park, Felix Keis1 1 Institut f252。r Physik der Atmosph228。re, Deutsches Zentrum f252。r Luft und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany。2Hydrometeorological Innovate Solutions ., Barcelona, Spain Email: ABSTRACT Recent developments are reported on techniques to determine the onset, duration, amount and type of precipitation as well as the snow and icing conditions at the surface. The algorithms, still under development, will be used to forecast the weather in short to medium lead times, . for the next 30 minutes up to a few hours (“nowcasting”). An algorithm aims at detecting potential areas of snow fall by bining reflectivity data of precipitation and surface temperature data from a numerical model as well as surface stations in high spatial resolution. Another approach bines profiling measurements with numerical weather forecast products. (., meteo data measured by aircraft and polarimetric radar data) Keywords: type and amount of precipitation, nowcast, anticipating the weather 1 INTRODUCTION Weather phenomena contribute to congestions, accidents and delays in all traffic modes. The road traffic in particular is derogate by adverse weather like snow, ice, fog, rain, strong wind and wind gusts. Increasing traffic makes transportation even more vulnerable to adverse weather conditions. Today stakeholders and participants in transportation (be it airborne or groundbased) most of the time only react on adverse weather when the disruption has already happened or is just about to happen. Future road management systems should proactively anticipate disruptive weather elements and their time scales of minutes to days well in advance to avoid or to mitigate the impact upon the traffic flow. But “weather” is not a technical problem that can be simply solved. Predicting the weather is a difficult and plex task and only possible within certain limits. It is therefore necessary to observe and forecast the changing state of the atmosphere as precisely and as rapidly as possible. Moreover, measures are required that translate “weather” to “impact” and minimise those impacts on traffic flow and its management. To inform traffic participants and traffic management centres in due time on (expected) adverse conditions, tailored and accurate meteorological information is required on short notice. This information must be integrated in the process of information distribution and decision making to 中國礦業(yè)大學(xué) 09 屆本科生畢業(yè)論文 第 18 頁 allow for tactical as well as strategic decisions. The Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Deutsches Zentrum f252。r Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR) in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, and the pany Hydrometeorological Innovative Solutions . (HYDS) in Barcelona, Spain, develop a meteorological decision support system for aviation (MEDUSA) within the EU?s People Programme, IndustryAcademia Partnerships and Pathways, and DLR?s Research Activity “Weather Optimised Air Transportation”. Its goal is to augment safety and efficiency of air transportation. Many of the developed methods focus on the ground level and, therefore, can well be adapted and applied for weather dictated issues in road transportation, too. We demonstrate our logic, first developed for the aviation transport sector, to bine various meteorological parameters to simple, selfexplaining weather objects. Further we report on recent developments to determine the onset and duration of icing conditions at the surface. An algorithm aims at detecting potential areas of snow fall by bining scanning reflectivity data of precipitation and surface temperature data from a numerical model as well as surface stations in high spatial resolution (1 km). Another approach bines profiling measurements (., meteo data measured by aircraft and polarimetric radar data) with numerical weather forecast products. For forecasting winter weather conditions up to about 24 hours or more, one can rely on operational numerical forecast models. Numerical models have made remarkable progress during the last few years in forecasting the overall weather state, . the surface pressure distribution or whether it will rain or not. The forecast of winter weather phenomena, however, like freezing rain or drizzle, or light or heavy snow fall is still a demanding task. These phenomena result from the subtle interplay of various factors, like the vertical distribution of temperature and humidity, cloud cover and type, snow cover,