【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 questions was ，人們通常省略in which或 that : The way(in which)he spoke to us was don’t like the way(that)you laugh at ．關(guān)系詞的選擇1． 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)，只能用who 指人，which指物；關(guān)系代詞做賓語(yǔ)，常用whom（口語(yǔ)中有時(shí)用who）指人，which指物，它們都不能用that代替。2． 關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，不論是在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，還是在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)介詞前置時(shí)，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介詞后置，則不受這種限制，關(guān)系代詞還可以省去，特別是在口語(yǔ)中。如：Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?第3/6頁(yè)Do you know the boy(that)she was talking to? The pencil(which/that)he was writing with suddenly ． 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可用which或that，二者?？梢曰Q；但在下列情況中，只能用that，不用which：(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all, a lot,(a)little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等詞時(shí)。如： All that can be done has been this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours.(2)當(dāng)先行詞被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定詞所修飾時(shí)。如：We heard clearly every word that he said.(3)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)。如：The first thing that should be done is to get the people talk about Hangzhou, the first that es to mind is the West Lake.(4)當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，以及先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)同時(shí)修飾時(shí)，如：Is that the best that you can do? That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed novel is the second best one that I have ever read.(5)當(dāng)先行詞被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修飾時(shí)。如： This is the very book that I want to find.(6)當(dāng)先行詞為指人和指物的兩個(gè)并列名詞詞組時(shí)。如：The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s described in her positions the people and places that impressed her most.(7)當(dāng)主句是以which，who,what開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。如： Which is the car that killed the boy? Who is the person that is making this lecture? ：①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句； ②代表整個(gè)主句的意思； ③介詞+關(guān)系代詞。 had failed in the maths exam,which made his father very ，這使他的父親很生氣。This is the room in which my father lived last 。，當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可用who(m)或that，二者?？苫Q。但在下列情況中，用who(m)，而不用that：(1)當(dāng)先行詞是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody等詞時(shí)。如：第4/6頁(yè)Is there anyone who can answer this question? He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison ：在非正式文體中可以說：You’re the one that knows where to go.)(2)當(dāng)先行詞是he, they, those, people, person等詞時(shí)。如： He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting who are against the proposal put up your ：在固定結(jié)構(gòu)的諺語(yǔ)或習(xí)語(yǔ)中，可用he that?。如： He that promises too much means nothing.(3)當(dāng)先行詞有較長(zhǎng)的后置定語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)。如：Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?(4)在分隔式定語(yǔ)從句中，若先行詞指人，為了明確修飾關(guān)系，應(yīng)當(dāng)用who(m)。如：A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you ’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to was the only person in my office who was invited.(5)兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)指人的先行詞，第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句常用who(m)來引導(dǎo)，如：She is the only girl I know who can play the ，當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，在下列情況中，一般用關(guān)系詞that:(1)當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。如： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? Which of us that knows anything does not know this?(2)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)。如： He is the greatest man that has ever lived.(3)當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the last等詞所修飾時(shí)。如： She is the only person that understands same所修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系詞既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具體事物時(shí)，有時(shí)兩者有一定的區(qū)別。一般說來，表示同一種類多用as，表示同一事物多用that。如：This is the same instrument that I used 。This is the same instrument as I used 。在抽象概念上，同種類和同一事物是沒有絕對(duì)區(qū)別的，所以兩個(gè)詞可換用： I have the same opinion as / that you ：（1）使用as時(shí)，它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以省略，但使用that時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中 的動(dòng)詞不可省略。如： Women received the same pay as received the same pay that men received.(2)在“the same?that”結(jié)構(gòu)中，that只是用來加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，強(qiáng)調(diào)“相同”。第5/6頁(yè)that可以省去而不改變句子原意，甚至連名詞前的same也可以省去。如： This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.= This is the same instrument I used yesterday.= This is the instrument I used “the same?as”結(jié)構(gòu)中，same和as都不能省略。(3)當(dāng)“the same?that”結(jié)構(gòu)中的that作為關(guān)系副詞用時(shí)，不可以直接與as互換。如：He lives in the same building that I live.= He lives in the same building as / that I live we meet at the same place that we last met? = Shall we meet at the same place that / as we last met at? , so, as時(shí)，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用as。如： A wise man seldom talks about such things as he doesn’t spoke in such easy English as everybody could this time of the day, all buses and trolleys have to carry as many passengers as they is so easy a book as every schoolboy can ’s discuss such things as we can