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of what the job holder does, how it is done, and why it is done. ? Job Specification ?A written statement of the minimum qualifications that a person must possess to perform a given job successfully. 11 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Meeting Future Human Resource Needs Supply of Employees Demand for Employees Factors Affecting Staffing Strategic Goals Forecast demand for products and services Availability of knowledge, skills, and abilities 12 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Recruitment and Decruitment ? Recruitment ?The process of locating, identifying, and attracting capable applicants to an anization. ? Decruitment ?The process of reducing a surplus of employees in the workforce of an anization. ? Erecruiting ?Recruiting employees through the Inter ?Organizational web sites ?Online recruiters 13 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Selection ? Selection Process ?The process of screening job applicants to ensure that the most appropriate candidates are hired. ? Selection ?An exercise in predicting which applicants, if hired, will be (or will not be) successful in performing well on the criteria the anization uses to evaluate performance. ?Selection errors: ?Reject errors for potentially successful applicants ?Accept errors for ultimately poor performers 14 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Validity and Reliability ? Validity (of Prediction) ?A proven relationship between the selection device used and some relevant criterion for successful performance in an anization. ?High tests scores equate to high job performance。 low scores to poor performance. ? Reliability (of Prediction) ?The degree of consistency with which a selection device measures the same thing. ?Individual test scores obtained with a selection device are consistent over multiple testing instances. 15 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Types of Selection Devices ? Application Forms ? Written Tests ? Performance Simulations ? Interviews ? Background Investigations ? Physical examinations 16 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Written Tests ? Types of Tests ?Intelligence: how smart are you? ?Aptitude: can you learn to do it? ?Attitude: how do you feel about it? ?Ability: can you do it? ?Interest: do