【文章內容簡介】 ? Private ships are ships that are owned or leased on a longterm basis by the firm moving the goods. ? Another element of interest in international shipping is that of ship registry. Although a ship might be owned by an American and ply a route between the . and the Persian Gulf, it might be registered in and fly the flag of Liberia or Panama, it is called flag of convenience方便旗 ? The owners derive certain benefits of taxes, manning, and some relaxed safety requirements by being registered in those countries, rather than in the United States, Canada, or wherever. ?Charter services (also known as Tramp). In this form of service a maritime pany rents a ship for a specific purpose, monly between a specific port of origin and destination. ? This type of shipping service is notably used in the case of bulk cargo, such as petroleum, iron ore, grain or coal, often requiring specialized cargo ships ? Liner shipping services. Involves a regular scheduled shipping service often calling several ports along a fixed route. ? This type of shipping service is notably used in the case of general cargo and containerized cargo Maritime Shipping Characteristics Tramping Liner Shipping Transportation Demand Number of shippers Few Many Quantity Large Small Density High (weight) Low (volume) Unit value Low High Regularity Low High Transportation Supply Contract Charter party Freight (bill of lading) Vessels Liquid and bulk General cargo Frequency Low High Implications Freight Liquid and main bulk modities Minor bulk and general cargo (containerized) Share in Maritime Transport Tons 70% 30% Value 20% 80% Liner transportation ?Characteristics of Liner ?regular scheduled departures ?specified route ?routes with fixed base ports 基本港 ?paratively fixed freight rates費率 Liner transportation ?Types of liners ?Conference liners ?Freight rate quoted by shipping conference ?Stable freight rates ?Regular services ?Nonconference liners ?Freight rate quoted by independent carriers or vessel operators ?Less dependable service ?High flexibility liner conference ?Definition ?Agreement between two or more shipping panies to provide scheduled cargo and/or passenger service on a particular trade route under uniform rates and mon terms. Also called shipping conference. ? 班輪運輸?shù)呢涍\程序 ? 承運人攬貨 ,并向港口預訂泊位 ? Cargo canvassing , berth reservation ? 托運人填寫托運單，租船訂艙 ? Reservation of Shipping Space ? 備貨，報關 ? Cargo preparation, custom clearances ? 裝船換單 /接貨裝船 ? Cargo receiving, loading and obtaining bill of lading ? 海上運輸作業(yè) ? Ocean shipping ? 貨物的卸船 ? Cargo Unload ? 貨物交付 ? Cargo deliver to consignee Step 1,承運人攬貨 Cargo canvassing ? What is Cargo canvassing (cargo collection)? ?How? ?通過自己的營業(yè)機構或代理，中介 ?Carriers collect cargo through it’ s own office or agent ?發(fā)布班輪船期表 Liner schedule is published for space availability check 華北東 /美西周班航線 (CEN) 船名 航次 大連 新港 青島 橫濱 長灘 奧克蘭 大連 VSL VOY DAL TXG QIN YOK LGB OAK DAL XI BO HE 079E/079W 11/12 11/13 11/15 11/18 11/28 12/01 12/17 LUO BA HE 078E/078W 11/19 11/20 11/22 11/25 12/05 12/08 12/24 遠東 /美西周班航線 (PSW3) 船名 航次 青島 上海 神戶 名古 屋 東京 長灘 奧克 蘭 東京 名古 屋 青島 上海 VSL VOY QIN SHA KOB TOK TOK LGB OAK TOK NAG QIN SHA WILLIAMSBURG BRIDGE 73E/73W 11/17 11/19 11/22 11/23 11/24 12/03 12/06 12/17 12/19 12/22 12/24 BOSPORUS BRIDGE 99E/99W 11/24 11/26 11/29 11/30 12/01 12/10 12/13 12/24 12/26 12/29 12/31 Step 托運人填寫托運聯(lián)單，租船訂艙 /承運人確定航次貨運任務 ? The shipper autho