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defect,qualityorviceofthegoods.Xiefy......SIB......SWUFE14. Insufficiencyofpacking.15. Insufficiencyorinadequacyofmarks.16. Latentdefectsnotdiscoverablebyduediligence.17. Anyothercausearisingwithouttheactualfaultorprivityofthecarrier,orwithouttheactualfaultorneglectoftheagentsorservantsofthecarrier,buttheburdenofproofshallbeonthepersonclaimingthebenefitofthisexceptiontoshowthatneithertheactualfaultorprivityofthecarriernorthefaultorneglectoftheagentsorservantsofthecarriercontributedtothelossordamage.xfyXiefy......SIB......SWUFEMaterial II. The3defensesunderHamburgRules① Damagethecarriertookreasonablestepstoavoid② Damagebyfire③ DamageduetoanattemptbythecarriertosavelifeorpropertyatseaXiefy......SIB......SWUFEDiscussion:① Review of the opening case② How to evaluate the 3 famous conventions?Xiefy......SIB......SWUFESection3.FreightofOceanTransportFreightLiner freight Charter freightXiefy......SIB......SWUFE Freight of LinertariffA. The formulaB. Freight = Base freight + Additional charge=Quantity x Base Rate x ( 1 + Additional Rate)(Surcharge=additional charge)xfyXiefy......SIB......SWUFEB. Base freightDefinition:Basefreightiscalculatedonthemain/regularcostsoftransportfromtheportofshipmenttoportofdestinationanditlistedonthetariff oftheliner. TARIFFxfyXiefy......SIB......SWUFEMain criteria used in the tariff for calculating basic freight① W② M③ W/M④ .⑤ W/Mor.⑥ Unit/Head⑦ Minimumrate⑧ OpenRate(negotiatedrate)xfyP121Xiefy......SIB......SWUFESampleoftariff:xfyXiefy......SIB......SWUFEScale of Class Rate for ChinaCanada Service (HKD)xfyXiefy......SIB......SWUFEC. Additional chargeo Additional chargeiscalculatedontheSEPECIALcostsoftransportfromtheportofshipmenttoportofdestinationanditNOTlistedonthetariff oftheliner.o Some examples:① BAF(BunkerAdjustFactor)② CAF(CurrencyAdjustFactor)③ PortCongestionSurcharge④ Heavyliftadditional⑤ Lengthycargoadditional⑥ Additionalondirectxfy+more on P122Xiefy......SIB......SWUFED.IllustrationoflinerfreightcalculationSuppose:CompanyAexports1000casesofCommodityYtoLondon.Thevolumepercaseis40cmx30cmx20cm,andthegrossweightis30kg.ForCommodityY,thefreightratebasisisW/M,andtheFreightTariff(ChinaLondon)isUSD230,w