【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 體制己加快向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌過(guò)渡，同時(shí)市場(chǎng)規(guī)劃與市場(chǎng)運(yùn)行也已向國(guó)際慣例接軌，這將形成一個(gè)客觀公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境。這就要求企業(yè)樹(shù)立公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的觀念，按市場(chǎng)規(guī)劃經(jīng)營(yíng)，優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)要素的合理配置，降低成本，制定正確的價(jià)格策略，在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中以質(zhì)量取勝。企業(yè)還要加強(qiáng)經(jīng)營(yíng)自律的意識(shí)。中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)印度市場(chǎng)的出口現(xiàn)在還缺乏有效的自律措施。中國(guó)出口企業(yè)之間為爭(zhēng)奪印度市場(chǎng)常常會(huì)削價(jià)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、自相殘殺，這就給了印度調(diào)查當(dāng)局以傾銷的口實(shí)，結(jié)果是中國(guó)出口企業(yè)在印度市場(chǎng)全軍覆沒(méi)，中國(guó)產(chǎn)品全部被逐出印度市場(chǎng)。印度政府對(duì)中國(guó)的300種對(duì)印出口“敏感”商品實(shí)施嚴(yán)密監(jiān)控，定期公布監(jiān)控結(jié)果，隨時(shí)提出預(yù)警的決定，就足以說(shuō)明極有可能更多的針對(duì)中國(guó)產(chǎn)品的反傾銷調(diào)查。因此，企業(yè)應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用非價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的手段，而不是為爭(zhēng)奪市場(chǎng)便輕易采取削價(jià)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的方式，最后導(dǎo)致市場(chǎng)混亂，使整個(gè)行業(yè)內(nèi)的企業(yè)都遭到損失。7結(jié)論本文通過(guò)對(duì)印度19942008年間對(duì)華反傾銷的現(xiàn)狀的分析，包括立案數(shù)量變化、金額變化、所涉行業(yè)等方面，可以看出，中國(guó)是印度貿(mào)易保護(hù)政策最大的受害者。在反傾銷案件的原因方面，本文從國(guó)際上、印度以及我國(guó)自身的視角來(lái)分析，指出了反傾銷案件的形成原因，其中既有國(guó)際經(jīng)貿(mào)大環(huán)境的原因，又有印度方面根據(jù)其國(guó)情而產(chǎn)生的原因，也有我國(guó)自身存在的問(wèn)題。印度對(duì)華的反傾銷，對(duì)我國(guó)的相關(guān)行業(yè)及企業(yè)產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重影響，使我國(guó)對(duì)印度的出口量減少。即使印度國(guó)內(nèi)的某些企業(yè)在短時(shí)期內(nèi)緩解了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力，但這也無(wú)法從真正意義上提高印度生產(chǎn)商的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，同時(shí)也損害了消費(fèi)者的利益。 對(duì)我國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)，印度具有非常大的出口潛力，同時(shí)印度也是我國(guó)在東南亞地區(qū)重要的貿(mào)易伙伴。其擁有數(shù)十億的人口，近年來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速增長(zhǎng)。中印雙方都應(yīng)該采取措施消除貿(mào)易摩擦和誤會(huì)，建立良好的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系。不管是中國(guó)還是印度，反傾銷都不是行之有效的辦法。反傾銷的頻頻使用，還會(huì)使中印兩國(guó)增加貿(mào)易誤會(huì)與摩擦，不利于兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的長(zhǎng)久發(fā)展。中國(guó)和印印是亞洲發(fā)展中的大國(guó)，兩國(guó)應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)合作與貿(mào)易往來(lái)，以促進(jìn)兩國(guó)的共同繁榮。 參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 嚴(yán)春鋒，中國(guó)與發(fā)展中國(guó)家貿(mào)易摩擦研究[D]，華東師范大學(xué)， 2007.[2] 羅琪，印度對(duì)華反傾銷現(xiàn)狀分析及我國(guó)的應(yīng)對(duì)策略[D]，暨南大學(xué)， 2005.[3] 李盾，中印貿(mào)易摩擦——爭(zhēng)端的特點(diǎn)、原因、解決機(jī)制及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J]，國(guó)際貿(mào)易， 2006(02).[4] 陳彬，印度反傾銷法中的“非市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家”問(wèn)題研究[J]，世界貿(mào)易組織動(dòng)態(tài)與研究，2008，(11).[5] 趙俊芳，發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)華反傾銷的分析與我國(guó)的對(duì)策研究[D]，華東師范大學(xué)， 2007.[6] 宋利芳，印度反傾銷政策及其特點(diǎn)分析[J]，國(guó)際貿(mào)易問(wèn)題， 2007(01).[7] 卓駿，:清華大學(xué)出版社[M]，2008年第一版:98112[8] 謝國(guó)娥、王玲，印度對(duì)華反傾銷的原因及我國(guó)的對(duì)策[J].經(jīng)濟(jì)縱橫，2007年第5期:6263[9] 董曉遠(yuǎn)，反傾銷與產(chǎn)業(yè)損害預(yù)警評(píng)估模型[M].北京:社會(huì)科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)出版社，2008年第一版:99166[10] 楊海艷、楊仕輝，印度反傾銷對(duì)中國(guó)產(chǎn)業(yè)的影響[J].中國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)導(dǎo)刊，2006年第19期:404l[11] 沈四寶、劉彤，WTO反傾銷協(xié)議解讀[M].長(zhǎng)沙:湖南科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社，2006年第一版:110225[12] 楊榮珍，印度對(duì)華反傾銷實(shí)踐及其評(píng)價(jià)[J].亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)，2006年第4期:4648[13] 鄧慶，現(xiàn)階段印度對(duì)華反傾銷的實(shí)踐特點(diǎn)及對(duì)策[J].黑龍江對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)，2007年第7期:2527[14] Word Trade Report 2007:[15] Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister of Outlook ]y 2008外文資料 India, China lead global antidumping dance A recessionsouring relationship between India and China is being grumpier，with India filing a record number of antidumping cases against China at the World Trade Organization (WTO). Dumping involves an importing foreign pany selling at unfair lower prices that lead to domestic suppliers of the same product suffering losses. With the global economic downturn shrinking US and European markets, dumping omplaints are increasing with large manufacturing nations such as China said to be cutting losses by dumping goods in Africa, India and other Asian countries. Dumping plaints can be used to mask protectionist trade policies. India has to fend off such perceptions, after having filed 42 antidumping plaints, the most by any country in the WTO for the second half of 2008. India39。s top trade body, the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), denies that the record number of antidumping cases the country has filed indicates India is being more protectionist. China poses the greatest threat to the Indian industry at this juncture, the FICCI said in a statement. In this time of global recession, dumping can bee a serious issue. The WTO Secretariat, in a May 7 media release, reported a 17% increase in antidumping investigations for the last six months of 2008 pared with the corresponding period of 2007. India appears to be getting mighty sore, particularly with China, having filed 17 WTO cases against its northeastern neighbor since October 2008, for what it terms dumping of Chinese products such as textiles, chemicals and metals. India has already imposed antidumping import duties on yarn, fabric, nylon tire cord and thionyl chloride from China. On May 12, India39。s Directorate General of Antidumping and Allied Duties (DGAD), under the Commerce Ministry, further remended imposing an additional 15% import duty on tiremaking equipment from China. Acting on a plaint from engineering giant Larsen amp。 Toubro Ltd (Lamp。T), the DGAD had investigated whether China was dumping tirecuring presses machines that give the final shape and tread pattern to automobile tires. China can plain to the WTO, contesting India39。s antidumping duties. China itself es third in the WTO antidumping grumblers list for the second half of 2008, with 11 filings, behind Brazil with 16. Indonesia (6), Ukraine (4), Pakistan (3) and South Korea (1) are other Asian countries featuring among the latest antidumping plainants. The WTO has to investigate these plaints to verify antidumping allegations as well as justifications for imposing antidumping duties. Article VI of the 1994 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Countries (GATT), the predecessor to the WTO, provides for antidumping investigations to see if domestic manufactures suffer losses from unfairly priced imports. If so, punitive import duties can be slammed on invading goods. Under WTO rules, countries imposing such duties on imports have to prove that such products e under the antidumping bracket. According to the WTO, a pany can be charged with dumping if it exports a product at a price lower than what it normally charges in its own home market or if the import volume grows to an extent that leaves domestic manufacturers at a disadvantage. For instance, India39。s Directorate General of Antidumping and Allied Duties that investigated Lamp。T39。s plaint against imported Chinese tire presses, declared that it found that they increased to 7% of total volume of India39。s domestic tire press market in 200708, pared with just % in 20045. Is dumping fair or unfair in trade wars? Genevabased WTO, the world39。s premier trade referee, which runs on intergovernmental agreements, declines to answer this question, but says it will stick to regulating how governments can respond to dumping. The number of dumping plaints may reflect a struggle to cope with trade deficits. India, for instance, reported a US$119 billion trade deficit for the financial year ending March 2009, with exports worth $168 billion lagging $ billion in imports. The deficit for AprilDecember 2008 rose almost 60% from a ye