改善中東與北非的貿(mào)易物流效率(編輯修改稿)
2025-06-23 22:48 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 then the investment climate by closing the gaps with best practice in macroeconomic policy, regulatory frameworks, infrastructure and institutions. Second, there are specific areas of focus within the trade logistics sector (exporters, importers, truck operators, rail carriers, transport intermediaries, insurance panies, etc.) where action is needed. Priority actions include developing and implementing a coherent national transport strategy, integrating institutions to handle trade and transport issues and modernizing trucking regulation.Over the medium term, policymakers can continue efforts to promote exports, helping to increase the flow of goods and creating pressure for reform in other parts of the system through programmes to encourage firm petitiveness and export potential, promoting shippers’ associations, adequate regulation of transport intermediaries, and ensuring adequate product quality testing and certification methods. In addition, there is a need to encourage greater use of ICT in the trade logistics system, harmonize carrier liability regimes and work with neighboring countries to promote more efficient crossborder transit procedures.(1).Design and implement a coherent National Transport PolicyA National Transport Policy which provides overall but consistent principles for developing individual modes of transport is the first important step for streamlining trade infrastructure. Such a policy would also provide a strategic direction for the further development of other parts of the logistics chain such as port and free zone development. Ideally, a National Transport Policy should be designed to cover issues such as petition and market forces, highest practicable safety standards, economic regulation of carriers and modes of transportation, and ensuring that each carrier or mode of transportation bears a fair proportion of the real costs of the resources, facilities and services provided to that carrier or mode of transportation at public expense.To restructure the current industry into one with capable market contestants, policymakers in the Ministry of Transport should establish new market entry conditions that facilitate petent and financially capable applicants to be approved while others are to be turned away. This approach would require careful planning in setting up the approval process with due diligence given to the minimum size pany in terms of fleet size and/or capitalization , number of contestants expected from consolidation, higher standards for vehicle safety, and other criteria. Strong consideration should be given to the transition of the trucking industry on an industrybyindustry segment basis to minimize the chaotic process and maximize the lessons learned from the transformation of each industry segment, since the trucking industry is heterogeneous. (2).Reorient customs authoritiesA number of Middle East and North Africa countries such as Egypt would benefit from reorientation of customs authorities from revenue collection to trade facilitation. Jordan’s experience is instructive in this regard. Today, Jordan’s crossborder authorities are more progressive than most developing countries in the Middle East, with a Customs Department which has moved considerably towards supporting the national economy, promoting investment, facilitating trade, and protecting so
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