質(zhì)量、改進(jìn)、團(tuán)隊(duì)-qit促進(jìn)員培訓(xùn)(編輯修改稿)
2025-07-06 10:52 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 改善 very suitable for gemba kaizen 主要用於處理數(shù)值資料 (魚(yú)骨圖除外 ) mainly used in handling numerical data(except fishbone) FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training QC 七工具 (簡(jiǎn)介 ) 7tools (Briefing) 魚(yú)骨圖 現(xiàn)象分析及分類工具 fishbone diagram – a status analysis and categorization tool 檢查表 收集及檢查工具 check list – a collection and inspection tool FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖 定出重要少數(shù)及行動(dòng)先後的工具 perato diagram a tool to define critical few and action priority 散佈圖 定出兩個(gè)參數(shù)間關(guān)係的工具 scatter diagram – a tool to define the relationship between two factors QC 七工具 (簡(jiǎn)介 ) 7tools (Briefing) FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 層別法 判斷混合數(shù)據(jù)有否層級(jí)的工具 stratter diagram – a tool to judge if mixed data exist strater 直方圖 群組的分佈狀況判斷工具 histogram – a tool to judge data group scatter 控制圖 判斷實(shí)時(shí)製程波動(dòng)的工具 control diagram – a tool to indicate realtime fluctuation QC 七工具 (簡(jiǎn)介 ) 7tools (Briefing) FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 特性要因圖 cause and effect diagram 又稱魚(yú)骨圖因連結(jié)結(jié)果與原因及效果，狀似魚(yú)骨 (fishbone) showing the relationship between the cause and its effects 石川馨教授創(chuàng)於 1952 年 FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 特性要因圖 cause and effect diagram 決定問(wèn)題 (激盪法 ) define problem(brainstroming) 起骨、分類、大骨、中骨、小骨 initial bone,classify, big bone, middle bone, small bone 集中式思考，定出重點(diǎn)順序 concentration, define sequence FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 特性要因圖 cause and effect diagram 用 5H1W法逐項(xiàng)列出問(wèn)題點(diǎn) list problem points, make use of 5H1W 原因解釋愈細(xì)愈好 detail explaination 以現(xiàn)場(chǎng)第一線問(wèn)題先作考慮 onsite, frontline is the priority 用 5M選題法表決優(yōu)先處理問(wèn)題 prioritize by 5M FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 特性要因圖 causeandeffect diagram FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 要因圖特性 causeandeffect characteristics 以現(xiàn)象第一線所發(fā)生問(wèn)題作考慮 consider what is happening onsite 是一種教育經(jīng)驗(yàn) an educational experience 是討論問(wèn)題的捷徑 a fast track for problem discussion FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 要因圖特性 causeandeffect characteristics 表現(xiàn)出分析水準(zhǔn) an indication of ability to analyze 展現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的因果關(guān)係、工作層次 indicate cause and effect of a problem, action levels FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖 Pareto diagram 意大利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者 Etlaian economist V. Pareto (18481923)於 1897年分析其社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)國(guó)民所得的大部份集中於少數(shù)人。於是將所得大小與擁有所得之關(guān)係以一方程式表示，稱為「柏拉法則」。 When analyse social economic structure, discovered that national wealth are in the hands of a few. He devised a method to calculate wealth and owners of the is the so called ‘pareto principle’ FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖的原理 the pareto principle 根據(jù)所收集數(shù)據(jù)按不良原因、不良狀況、不良發(fā)生位置等不同區(qū)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以尋求佔(zhàn)最大比率的原因、狀況或位置的一種圖形。 collect data， find out defect reasons, distribution, location, define major share causes, distribution and location in a diagram FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖的原理 the pareto principle 從圖中可看出那一項(xiàng)目有問(wèn)題，其影響程度如何，以判斷問(wèn)題的癥結(jié)點(diǎn)，並針對(duì)問(wèn)題點(diǎn)採(cǎi)取改善措施，故又稱「 ABC圖」 (依價(jià)值的大小而付出不同的努力 )。 Identify problem items from the diagram, judge its impacts, and take corrective actions, this is also called ‘ABC diagram’ (value and attention in proportion) FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 拍拉圖0102030405060708090100A B C D E F 其他不良種類不良個(gè)數(shù)0102030405060708090100不良數(shù)累計(jì)比例「其他」項(xiàng)目在最末 各柱位最好連合一起，寬度一致，以顏色別 累計(jì)百分比 統(tǒng)計(jì)目標(biāo) 分類 最大值在左，順延向右 標(biāo)題 斜度漸減的折線 柏拉圖的製作 prepare a pareto diagram FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖的使用場(chǎng)合 when to use pareto diagram 處理大量現(xiàn)存資料的工具 handle large quantity of data 表達(dá)總體數(shù)據(jù)分佈的工具 show overall data distribution 決定改善目標(biāo)的先後定位 determine improvement priority 改善前後的比較 pare before and after improvement FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 直方圖功能 what a histram can do 測(cè)知製程能力，作為製程改善依據(jù)。 Predict process capability, a basis for process improvement 計(jì)算產(chǎn)品不良率。 Calculate product defect 調(diào)查是否混入兩個(gè)以上不同群體。 Find out if two or more types are clustered 測(cè)知有沒(méi)有假數(shù)據(jù)。 Detect any false data 測(cè)知分配形態(tài)。 Detect distribution shape FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 直方圖功能 what a histogram can do 藉以訂定規(guī)格界限。 Define limits 與規(guī)格或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值比較。 Compare with standards or specifications 研判所設(shè)界限是否恰當(dāng)。 Judge the appropriateness of limitation 改善前及後之比較。 Compare before and after 團(tuán)隊(duì)選定 人才梯隊(duì)準(zhǔn)備 Team selection prepare the successions FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 課題類型與人員選定 project type and member
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