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rs to do things that are in the best interests of the anization. ? Reinforce these habits. ? The best anizations have strong cultures that: ? Are performanceoriented ? Emphasize teamwork ? Allow for risk taking ? Encourage innovation ? Value the well being of people ?Strong Versus Weak Cultures ? in strong cultures, the key values are deeply held and widely shared ? strong cultures have greater influence on employees than do weak cultures ? employees more mitted to anizations with strong cultures ? strong cultures are associated with high anizational performance ? most anizations have moderate to strong cultures 169。 Prentice Hall, 2021 317 ?The Source of Culture ? usually reflects the vision or mission of the founder ?founders project image of what the anization should be ?How Employees Learn Culture ? Stories a narrative of significant events or people ? Rituals repetitive sequences of activities ? Material symbols – essential in creating an anization’s personality. ? Language identifies members of a culture ?anizations develop unique terminology or jargon 169。 Prentice Hall, 2021 318 ? How Culture Affects Managers ? establishes appropriate managerial behavior ? constrains decision making in all management functions ?Planning degree of risk that plans should contain ? how much environmental scanning is necessary ?Organizing degree of autonomy given to employees ? degree of interdepartmental interaction ?Leading degree of concern for job satisfaction ? what leadership style