【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 as it can be. He adds that researchers have been looking for new materials with special features and they want transistors to be seen through and soft. If the layers are very thin, the transistor can bee flexible, so it doesn39。t have to be rigid(堅(jiān)硬的), like it would be in a silicon chip. So people can think of applications like wearable electronics, television screens and other things, said Ioannou. These new transistors can also carry higher current. They also can move the current much faster than traditional transistors. This is important for highdefinition screens. Dimitris Ioannou says the scientific success could prove very useful in the future. Now, how good and how useful it will be, it39。s still in the stage of research, but it certainly is an advance, said Ioannou.（1）Which of the following statements about the newly created transistor is TRUE? are expected to be used in highresolution displays. transistors are made with the element silicon. are rigid, just like traditional transistors. have already been put into actual use.（2）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean? traditional transistors have been changed into twodimensional ones. of the traditional transistors have been improved over the years. traditional transistor has been developed to its fullest. traditional transistor has been developed quite well.（3）What is Dimitris Ioannou39。s attitude towards the creation of the new transistors? ....【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，美國(guó)科學(xué)家發(fā)明了新的二維晶體管，介紹了新型二維晶體管的相關(guān)信息及未來前景。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Scientists hope these new 2D transistors will be used for building highresolution（高分辨率）displays that need very little energy.”可知，科學(xué)家們希望能用這些新的二維晶體管來制造高分辨率的顯示器。故選A。 （2）考查句義猜測(cè)。劃線句句意為“他說傳統(tǒng)的晶體管已經(jīng)盡可能地改進(jìn)了”可推知，傳統(tǒng)的晶體管已經(jīng)開發(fā)到了極致。故選C。 （3）考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)最后一段中的Dimitris Ioannou所說的話可推知，他對(duì)于這種新型的晶體管持有積極樂觀的態(tài)度。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，句義猜測(cè)和觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Suppose you bee a leader in an organization. It39。s very likely that you39。ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization39。s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work. Let39。s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract. People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of munity service, some schools have launched pulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people39。s wish of participation from an internal factor (. I volunteer because it39。s important to me) to an external factor (. I volunteer because I39。m required to do so). When that happens, people bee less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must. Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted followup studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience. Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view volunteer as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am. Consistent with the researchers39。 expectations, they found a positive correlation(正相關(guān)) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity....Items like Tshirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity.（1）People volunteer mainly out of __________. A.academic requirementsB.social expectationsC.financial rewardsD.internal needs（2）What can we learn from the Florida study? studies should last for one year. should get mentally prepared. training is a must in research. are provided with concrete advice.（3）What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work? differences in role identity. identifiable volunteer Tshirts. identity as a volunteer. advice from researchers.（4）What is the best title of the passage? to Get People to Volunteer to Study Volunteer Behaviors to Keep Volunteers39。 Interest to Organize Volunteer Activities【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了怎樣讓人們?nèi)プ鲋驹刚叩囊恍┓椒ā?（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“…people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness，to expand their range of experiences，and to strengthen social relationships．”可知，人們做志愿工作主要是出于表達(dá)無私的個(gè)人價(jià)值觀、拓展自身的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、加強(qiáng)社會(huì)關(guān)系等內(nèi)在需求。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“The researchers note that attention should be given to ‘training methods that would prepare volunteers