【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 nancial rewardsD.internal needs（2）What can we learn from the Florida study? studies should last for one year. should get mentally prepared. training is a must in research. are provided with concrete advice.（3）What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work? differences in role identity. identifiable volunteer Tshirts. identity as a volunteer. advice from researchers.（4）What is the best title of the passage? to Get People to Volunteer to Study Volunteer Behaviors to Keep Volunteers39。 Interest to Organize Volunteer Activities【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了怎樣讓人們?nèi)プ鲋驹刚叩囊恍┓椒ā?（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“…people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness，to expand their range of experiences，and to strengthen social relationships．”可知，人們做志愿工作主要是出于表達(dá)無私的個人價值觀、拓展自身的經(jīng)驗、加強社會關(guān)系等內(nèi)在需求。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“The researchers note that attention should be given to ‘training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience．39?！笨芍?，這一研究告訴人們要注意讓志愿者為棘手情況作準(zhǔn)備，要給他們提供應(yīng)對問題的策略，即讓志愿者有精神準(zhǔn)備去應(yīng)對棘手情況和問題等。故選B。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work．”可知，激勵志愿者不斷參與志愿者工作的是作為一名志愿者的角色認(rèn)同。故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段“Suppose you bee a leader in an organization．It39。s very likely that you39。ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization39。s activities．To do so，it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work．”可知，文章是為想找志愿者的組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者提供意見，并從兩個方面展開，說明想讓人們?nèi)プ鲋驹刚呤紫纫私馊藗冏鲋驹刚叩膭訖C，還要知道人們是依靠什么維持對志愿工作的興趣。由此可知，本文通篇圍繞著如何讓人們?nèi)プ鲋驹刚哌@一話題。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息。同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 A typical child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problemsolving and more flexible thinking, according to new research from Duke University. Better problemsolving was just one positive finding of the study, said lead author Sarah Gaither, an assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke. After thinking about their own various identities, children also showed more flexible thinking about race and other social groupings—a behavior that could be valuable in an increasingly diverse society. In a series of experiments, Gaither and her colleagues looked at 196 children, ages 6 and 7. In an experiment, one group of children was reminded that they had various identities, such as son, daughter, reader or helper. A second group of children was reminded of their multiple physical attributes, such as a mouth, arms and legs. All the children then needed to handle a few tasks Children who were reminded of their various identities showed stronger problemsolving and creative thinking skills. When shown pictures of a bear staring at honeyfilled beehive(蜂窩)high up in a tree, these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl so that it became a stool(凳子). In other words, they saw a new use for the bowl. Children who were reminded of their multiple roles also showed more flexible thinking about social groupings. When asked to categorize different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to Spso. They identified smiling faces such as unsmiling ones, and old and young faces. The other children, meanwhile, primarily grouped people39。s faces by race and gender(性別). Thestudy suggests ways to promote flexible thinking for the young, which could be especially valuable for teachers. Gaither said. We have this tendency in our society to only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time, Gaither said. When kids think that they have various identities, they show greater abilities.（1）What are all the kids asked to do in the experiments? different kinds of roles. others of their roles. several tasks. a group of tasks.（2）How does the author mainly clarify the conclusions of the study in paragraph 4? giving examples. using experts39。 words. listing a few figures. showing cause and effect.（3）What can we learn from Sarah Gaither39。s words? 5 kids flexible thinking ability is important teaching. tend to behave selflessly after thinking about their roles.39。 creative thinking ability is easy to discover and develop. are supposed to make the most of the kids39。 flexibility.（4）What is the best title for the text? 39。 Social Abilities Are Consistent with. Their Education. Their Various Roles Improves Kids39。 Abilities. Have a Variety of Identities in Their Daily Life. Ability Is Necessary for Most Kids.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了讓孩子知道自己有不同的角色可以提高孩子解決問題的能力和創(chuàng)造性思維能力。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“All the children then needed to handle a few tasks. ”可知，所有的孩子都被要求處理一些任務(wù)。故選C。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段可推斷，第四段主要使用了兩個例子來闡明實驗得出的結(jié)論。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“The study suggests simple ways to promote flexible thinking for the young,which could be especially valuable for teachers,，Gather sad. ”可知,提高孩子的靈活思維的方法對于老師是有價值的。 由此可推斷,提高孩子的靈活性思維能力 在教育中是很重要的事。故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意?？v觀全文可知，本文呢紹了孩子考慮自己的不同的角色可以提高孩子解決問題的能力和創(chuàng)造性思維能力。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解 It was the beginning of 2011. I had just finished filming the first season of Game of Thrones(《權(quán)利的游戲》). With almost no professional experience, I had been given the role of Daenerys Targaryen. The show was so successful that young girls would dress themselves up as Daenerys for Halloween. And yet, terrified of the attention, terrified of trying to make good on the faith that the creators had put in me, I worked much harder. On the morning of February 11, 2011, I was getting dressed in a gym when I started to feel a bad headache. I was so exhausted that I could barely put on my sneakers. I tried to ignore the pain, but I couldn39。t. I reached the toilet and sank to my knees. A woman came to help me.