【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 he way. At every stop, people gave whatever they could. Factories gave clothing and medicine. Farmers gave food. Families gave money. Even school children gave away their pocket money. All the things were then taken to France by ship. By 1949, the French had begun to recover （恢復(fù)） from the war. The Merci Train was their way of saying thank you to America. French people had filled the boxcars with gifts. Most of them were personal, like handmade toys, children39。s drawings, or postcards. But the boxcars themselves were perhaps the most meaningful of the gifts. On each car, the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces, with an American eagle on the front. The boxcars were taken to each state of America, where they were warmly greeted. Now many of the states still keep their boxcars. Gifts sent by the French people can still be seen in some museums. The Merci Train came out of the war, but it now reminds the world that countries can also work together in peace.（1）Many people crowded at New York Harbor on February 3rd, 1949 to ________. A.wele the Merci TrainB.meet their familiesC.have a big partyD.start a trip by ship（2）In 1947, a train stopped in cities across America in order to ________. A.give away clothing and foodB.get more soldiers for the warC.collect things to help French peopleD.show exhibitions from the museums（3）The underlined word them in Paragraph 3 refers to （指） ________. A.the American peopleB.the French peopleC.the boxcarsD.the gifts（4）The passage is mainly about ________. A.the story of the Merci TrainB.the history of World War ⅡC.gifts that American people likedD.American museums where the boxcars were kept【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介紹了來自法國(guó)的Merci Train的故事。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段 Many people were there to greet a ship from France. 很多人在那里歡迎一艘來自法國(guó)的船，可知這一天人們聚集在紐約港是為了歡迎Merci Train。故選A。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段 All the things were then taken to France by ship. 所有的東西通過船被帶到法國(guó)，可知火車在美國(guó)的每個(gè)城市停留是為了收集物資幫助法國(guó)人民。故選C。 （3）代詞辨析題。根據(jù)上文 French people had filled the boxcars with gifts. 法國(guó)人用禮物填滿了火車車廂，可知?jiǎng)澗€代詞them指代的是上文的gifts“禮物”。故選D。 （4）主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，短文主要介紹了來自法國(guó)的Merci Train的故事。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、代詞辨析題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；代詞辨析題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出代詞指代的內(nèi)容；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。11．閱讀理解 Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is being more and more mon. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. The scientists said that these children were often bullied（欺負(fù)）by their older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame（責(zé)備）themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy. For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don39。t forgetif you are shy, you are not the only one. （1）What is the passage mainly about? A.Happiness.B.Shyness.C.Kindness.D.Loneliness.（2）What does the underlined word genetic in Paragraph 2probably mean? A.Passed down from parents.B.Learned from friends.C.Taught by teachers.D.Made up by brothers.（3）What can be learned from the passage? A.Most little babies are born shy and quiet.B.If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.C.Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.D.Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.（4）We can learn from the passage that may cause shyness. A.genetics, grownups and birthplaceB.genetics, family size and birthplaceC.family size, grownups and failureD.genetics, family size and freedom（5）Scientists suggest that shy people can get over the shyness by . A.blaming their failure on outside reasonsB.trying new things and practicing conversationsC.getting themselves away from their shy parentsD.trying to understand reasons for their shyness【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）B（5）B 【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文講的是世界上很多人會(huì)靦腆，人們靦腆的表現(xiàn)及人們靦腆的原因和不同的國(guó)家的人對(duì)于靦腆的理解，和怎樣克服靦腆的狀態(tài)。 （1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題句They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. 可知這篇短文講的是靦腆，故選B。 （2）詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)