【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ；well；work；successful 【解析】【分析】主要講了Esther是怎樣成功的。 （1）句意：然而，Esther用錢做生意。根據(jù)Most of Esther39。s friends decided to go to college可知大部分朋友決定去上大學(xué)，而 Esther決定做生意，所以前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用however，故填However。 （2）句意：她買了水果、糖和一些罐子。sugar是不可數(shù)名詞，所以用sugar，故填sugar。 （3）句意：她把果醬一罐子5美元賣給她的朋友。sell sth. to ，故填to。 （4）句意：他們希望一天她將成為一名老師或者醫(yī)生。時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，所以hope用過去式hoped；成為一名老師或者醫(yī)生，表示選擇，所以用or，故填hoped，or。 （5）句意：但是Esther有自己的想法。one39。s own某人自己的，主語是Esther，所以one39。s用形容詞修物主代詞her，故填her。 （6）句意：她開始把它賣給超市。start to do sth. 開始去做另一件事情，故填to sell。 （7）句意：它賣得非常好。副詞修飾實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，sold是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，所以good用副詞well，故填well。 （8）句意：她是 如此忙碌以至于她不得不讓人為她工作。make sb. do ，所以用work，故填work。 （9）句意：當(dāng)她的父母看見她成功時(shí)，他們改變了他們的想法。became是系動(dòng)詞，意思是變得，后面用形容詞，success的形容詞是successful，故填successful。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空，考查詞匯在語篇中的運(yùn)用能力。注意理解句意，首先讀一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短語及語境。8．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞），或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Come and meet my best friend, Lisa. Lisa is a beautiful girl. Many people like her because ________ her good look. So do I. As my best friend, she likes to do ________ same things as me. We ________ like singing and reading books. There are also some ________ （different） between us. I am shy and I always like to stay by myself. Lisa is much ________ outgoing than me. She is ________ （talent） in telling jokes. She often makes me ________ （laugh）. She is good at sports, too. She plays sports every day to keep healthy. She thinks it is not necessary for friends ________ （be） the same. Her favorite ________ （say） is, A true friend reaches for your hand and ________ （touch） your heart. What do you think of my best friend?【答案】of；the；both；differences；more；talented；laugh；to be；saying；touches 【解析】【分析】主要講了作者最好的朋友——Lisa。（1）句意：許多人因?yàn)樗每吹耐饷蚕矚g她。because of因?yàn)椋侍頾f。（2）句意：作為我最好的朋友，她喜歡和我做一樣的事情。the same...as和......一樣，故填the。（3）句意：我們都喜歡唱歌和讀書。both...and...兩者都，故填both。（4）句意：在我們之間也有一些不同。some修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞，different形容詞，其名詞是difference，可數(shù)名詞，所以用復(fù)數(shù)differences，故填differences。（5）句意：Lisa比我外向許多。than是比較級(jí)標(biāo)志詞，outgoing的比較級(jí)是more outgoing，故填more。（6）句意：她在講笑話方面有天賦。be talented in在哪方面有天賦，故填talented。（7）句意：她總是讓我笑。make sb. do ，故填laugh。（8）句意：她認(rèn)為對(duì)于朋友來說沒必要是一樣的。It39。s+形容詞+for sb.+to do ，故填to be。（9）句意：她最著名的名言是。favorite是形容詞，后面用名詞，say是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其名詞是saying，意思是名言，故填saying。（10）句意：一個(gè)真正的朋友伸手去夠你的手，并且觸動(dòng)你的心。and連接并列成分，reaches用的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單三，所以touch也用單三touches，故填touches?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空，考查詞匯在語篇中的運(yùn)用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后細(xì)讀文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考慮句型、搭配、語境等，最后通讀一遍檢查驗(yàn)證。二、八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（含答案解析）9．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案。B Ladies and gentlemen, I returned to this year in a time machine. In the year 2500, we are able to travel through time to any year in the history of the earth. This year is your last chance to change your lifestyle to save the earth. Beginning in the middle of the 20th century, a few people were worried about polluting the earth39。s water and air, but most people did not change their way of life. Instead, they continued to pour（倒） dangerous chemicals and other waste into lakes and seas, to drive more and more cars and trucks, and to cut down trees. By the year 2200, the earth39。s water was pletely polluted. Scientists said that in the future there might be too many people on the earth. People could no longer drink water, and they had to use other types of liquids（液體）. So, by the year 2300, there were so many people that food became scarce. There was no water to grow food and all of the fish in the lakes and seas died because of pollution Terrier wars（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)） broke out between the rich and the poor. Scientists were working very hard to find another planet in space where humans could live on. By the year 2400, the air was too polluted for humans to breathe. So we had to leave earth but only the rich were able to leave. Where did we go? Nowhere. And everywhere. You see scientists did not find another safe planet, so now we must travel around the universe in our space ships. We are still looking for a place to call our home. So, it is up to you to change history. There is still hope. You must change your lifestyle now, before it is too late.（1）Which problem is not talked about in Paragraph 2?A.Water.B.Air.C.Lifestyle.D.Food（2）What39。s the meaning of 39。scarce39。 in Paragraph 4 in Chinese?A.昂貴的B.充足的C.缺乏的D.特殊的（3）Which of the following is TRUE?A.Only a few people changed their lifestyle in the 20th century.B.There wasn39。t enough water for people to drink by the year 2200.C.All the animals died because of pollution by the year 2300.D.We found a new home in another planet by the year 2400.【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）D 【解析】【分析】這篇短文主要以擬人的手法講述了環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重事實(shí)，作者通過時(shí)間隧道從2500年穿越回到了20到25世紀(jì)的不同時(shí)代，并描述了各個(gè)不同時(shí)代的污染的嚴(yán)重性，提醒人類保護(hù)環(huán)境，愛護(hù)人類自己。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段a few people were worried about polluting the earth39。s water and air, but most people did not change their way of ，本段主要涉及到了空氣質(zhì)量、水資源和人類的生活方式，唯獨(dú)沒有提到食物方面的問題，故選D。（2）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容So by the year 2300, there were so many people that food became scarce. 可知，本句中包含一短語so...that...，意為截止到2300年，地球上的人類是如此之多以致于食物變得太少。再加上下一句There was no water to grow food，可知食物應(yīng)該是不夠人類吃的，故選C。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第二段but most people did not change their way of ，A選項(xiàng)表述正確；第三段By the year 2200, the earth39。s water was pletely polluted. People could no longer drink water,可知，B項(xiàng)的描述也是正確的；第四段all of the fish in lakes and seas died because of pollution. 可知C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容正確；倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容說到了2400年，只有富人才有機(jī)會(huì)離開不適宜人類生存的地球，但是也沒有可以適宜人類其他星球供人類居住，可知D項(xiàng)內(nèi) 容不正確；故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本文是科普環(huán)保類短語閱讀。閱讀能力是中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語應(yīng)具備的一種基本能力。學(xué)習(xí)英語的一個(gè)重要目的在于獲取信息。通過閱讀這一重要手段，我們可以大量地獲取知識(shí)，拓展知識(shí)面，還可以增強(qiáng)語感，培養(yǎng)敏捷的思維能力。10．閱讀理解 What can a poem writer and a film director share? More than you think! Langston Hughes began writing poems in high school and soon became one of America39。s greatest writers. Most of his writing is about his experiences as an African American. He wrote poems about people who worked hard through life but still found thin