【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ur body while the teacher moves your arms and legs to train you to move them correctly. The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulated over years. Try folding your arms the opposite way to normal. This is an example of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carry our heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriate posture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go of the muscles holding the head back, allowing it to go back to its natural place on the top of our spines. So who was Alexander and how did he e up with the technique? Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (聲音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results. He brought his technique to London and opened a teachertraining school, which is still successful today. So if you39。re walking along the road one day with shoulders bent forward, feeling weighed down by your troubles, give a thought to the Alexander technique. It will help you walk tall again.（1）What does the author suggest in Paragraph 1? A.She felt no better after the treatment.B.She got bored with the Alexander technique.C.She was sceptical about the doctor39。s method.D.She was unwilling to seek treatment for her backache.（2）What is the principle of the Alexander technique? A.Physical tension shouldn39。t be pletely relieved.B.The technique shouldn39。t be bined with other exercises.C.The practice of the technique shouldn39。t be attempted alone.D.Familiar physical actions shouldn39。t be done with much effort.（3）What can we learn about Frederick Alexander? A.He managed to recover his vocal powers.B.He was eager to make a name for himself.C.He developed a form of exercise for actors.D.He had to leave home to develop his technique.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.The occurrence of back pain is widespread.B.Alexander improved the technique to treat body pain.C.The Alexander technique helps overe posture problems.D.People with back pain are victims of inappropriate postures.【答案】 （1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹亞歷山大技巧的對(duì)于矯正身體的作用以及其發(fā)明者。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they39。ll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor.”可知，作者從小就被灌輸這樣的思維，處理疼痛的更好辦法就是不做任何事情，希望疼痛自行消失，但是卻最終不得不去看醫(yī)生，故可知，作者看醫(yī)生都是迫不得已，故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort.”可知，亞歷山大技巧讓你更合理使用身體，用最小的努力來做那些習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，故可知，該技巧的原則就是用最小的力來做習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (聲音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results.”可知，弗雷德里克亞歷山大，一個(gè)出身于186年的澳大利亞演員，在年輕的時(shí)候聲音出了問題。他做了分析，意識(shí)到自己的姿勢(shì)不正確，因此致力于改善姿勢(shì)，結(jié)果很好，故可知，他通過矯正姿勢(shì)，解決了自己的聲音問題，故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文介紹亞歷山大技巧的對(duì)于矯正身體的作用以及其發(fā)明者，故可知在介紹亞歷山大技巧的作用，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．犇犇閱讀理解 If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, to North Americaand their Mayflower had been stocked with bottled water and plastic wrapped snacks, their plastic waste would likely still be around four centuries later. Atlantic waves and sunlight would have worn all that plastic into tiny bits. And those bits might still be floating around the world39。s oceans today, waiting to be eaten by some fish or oyster, and finally perhaps by one of us. Because plastic wasn39。t invented until the late 19th century, and its production only really took off around 1950, we have a mere billion tons of the stuff to deal with. Of that, more than billion tons have bee waste. And of that waste, a surprising billion tons never made it to a recycling binthe figure that shocked the scientists who published the numbers in 2017. No one knows how much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the ocean, the earth39。s last sink. In 2015, Jenna Jam beck a University of Georgia engineering professor, caught everyone39。s attention with a rough estimate between million and 14 million tons of plastic waste each year just e from coastal regions. Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine(海洋的）animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. Some are harmed visibly, stuck by abandoned things made of plastic. Many more are probably harmed invisibly. Marine species of all sizes, from zooplankton to whales, now eat microplastics, the bits smaller than onefifth of an inch across. This isn39。t a problem where we don39。t know what the solution is, says Ted Siegler, a Vermont resource economist who has spent more than 25 years working with developing nations on garbage. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. It39。s a matter of building the necessary institutions and systems, he says, ideally before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic. （1）Why does the author mention the Pilgrims in paragraph 1? A.To prove plastic was difficult to invent.B.To introduce what marine animals like eating.C.To tell the Pilgrims contributed a lot to the marine protection.D.To show plastic waste has a lasting effect on the ocean.（2）What39。s the main trouble marine animals face according to the text? A.Lacking protection.B.Being stuck by plastics.C.Being caught by humans.D.Treating plastics as food.（3）What does Ted Siegler want to tell us in the last paragr