【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 he word used to describe how plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food. Scientists who conducted the new study say this is a very slow process. Plants use less than 1 percent of the energy available to therm. But by hacking a plant39。s genes, the scientists were able to increase the amount of leaf growth on plants between 14 and 20 percent. Specifically, scientists hacked the plant39。s protective system. Normally, this system is activated when a plant gets too much sunlight, said scientist Krishna Niyogi, coauthor of the study. When the plant senses the light, it gets rid of extra energy and creates more leaves. When the plant is in shade, the protective system is turned off, but the process is slow. Stephen Long is the lead author of the study. He pared a plant39。s protective system to lightadjusting glasses. When a person wears the glasses outside during the day, the lenses（鏡片）darken and lighten depending on how sunny it is. Plants do the same thing, he said. But in plants the adjustment can take anywhere from 10 minutes to an hour. This makes it hard for plants to get the right amount of sunlight needed to create food. The new study sped up the process. By changing the plant39。s genes, the protective system turned on and off more quickly than normal. As a result, leaf growth on the plants scientists used in the study increased. Leaf growth in two plants increased by 20 percent, while leaf growth on a third plant increased by 14 percent. Scientists conducted the study on tobacco plants. But they think the genetic changes will produce the same results in corn and rice. （1）What will happen to the plants when scientists change plants39。 genes？ A.They will bee weaker and weaker.B.They will grow fast to produce more food.C.They will have more beautiful flowers.D.They will depend less on sunlight.（2）Why does the author mention lightadjusting glasses？ A.To warn people of the hot and bright sun.B.To explain the principle of plants39。 protective system.C.To help leaves of the plants absorb sunlight.D.To serve the science experiment smoothly.（3）In the future, the genetic changes will be used to. A.improve tobacco plants39。 qualityB.increase tobacco plants39。 leaves and rootsC.improve the flowers39。 living timeD.increase the production of corn and rice（4）Which of the following can be the theme of this text？ A.Hacking plants for more productionB.Leaf growing more quicklyC.Double production of tobacco plantsD.Photosynthesis and production【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學(xué)家通過改變植物的基因，加快光合作用的速度，使植物葉子生長迅速，從而提高植物產(chǎn)量。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“ scientists have found a way to hack a plant39。s genes in order to make it use sunlight more quickly. Someday, the results could increase the amount of food produced around the world. ”可知，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)改變植物基因會使植物的光合作用速度加快，將來會增加全球植物的產(chǎn)量。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“ He pared a plant39。s protective system to lightadjusting glasses. When a person wears the glasses outside during the day, the lenses（鏡片）darken and lighten depending on how sunny it is. Plants do the same thing, he said. But in plants the adjustment can take anywhere from 10 minutes to an hour. ”可知，作者提到鏡片是為了說明植物的保護系統(tǒng)的工作原理與鏡片相同。故選B。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ But they think the genetic changes will produce the same results in corn and rice. ”但是他們認(rèn)為基因的改變將在玉米和水稻中產(chǎn)生相同的結(jié)果。可知選D。 （4）考查主旨大意，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)家改變植物的基因，加快光合作用的速度，使植物葉子生長迅速，從而提高植物產(chǎn)量。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．犇犇閱讀理解 In my memory, winters always used to be really unpleasant. You had to bundle up just to keep warm when you went outside. You were often cold, wet, slip on the ice, and you39。d arrive home to an icecold house. And that would mean turning on the heating and waiting. It39。s a miracle you didn39。t get cold to the bone. Fortunately, things don39。t have to be so challenging any more. Technology, engine ring and design have advanced giving us new solutions to old problems. It means dealing with winter needn39。t be like skating on thin ice. With a smart thermostat (溫度自動調(diào)節(jié)器), our homes can be warm when we need them to be. Many models feature smartphone apps that allow you to control temperature remotely, so we can warm up the house before we arrive home. According to , Tado39。s model features voice control, while the Nest 39。leans39。 your habits and automatically heats the home for you. Clothes have been given an upgrade, too. Electronic thermal jackets, sweaters and coats heat up when you turn them on. What better way to keep warm in the dead of winter? At the touch of a button, or through an app on our phones, the clothing generates heat from elements placed inside. Many models offer three levels of heating which stay warm for over 12 hours. . Finally, there is the clothing for the head, beanie s and Earmuff, that feature speakers included in the fabric using Bluetooth technology so we can listen to our favourite music or, in some cases, have a phone callusing the inbuilt microphone. All while keeping the head warm and avoiding a cold. For many, the thought of winter used to be enough to make their blood run cold. But using technology, life needn39。t freeze up. With the right solutions, there39。s no reason why winter can39。t be really, really cool.（1）What do the underlined words bundle up mean in ? A.Fix an air conditioner.B.Take a hot bath.C.Run a lot.D.Put on more clothes.（2）How does electronic thermal clothing work? A.The equipment placed inside the clothing produces heat.B.It needs to be warned up before being used.C.The thermostat heat up automatically when the temperature is low.D.It keeps warm for over 12 hours after being charged fox an hour.（3）From the passage, we can lean the following statements EXCEPT that _____