【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 hat day④Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside.⑤Put the pack on a smooth surface, above the waist height.A.①②④B.①③⑤C.②③④D.②③⑤（3）If a boy weighs 40kg, how heavy should his filled backpack be at most? A.About 4kg.B.About 6kg.C.About 10kg.D.About 15kg.（4）What is the passage mainly about? A.Some problems that teenagers face in their study at school.B.The suitable backpack material that you should choose.C.The good influence that backpacks have on your healthD.Some advice on how to carry backpacks fortably and safely.【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】短文大意： 短文主要講述背包影響學(xué)生的健康，如何舒服地和安全地使用背包。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused （場）improper use of backpacks. 可知不正確使用背包可能誰引起背疼。故選C。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù) Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer39。s body. 保證背包的大小與背書包的人相符，即②；Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. 需要的時(shí)候才背書包，即 ③ ；Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back. 當(dāng)背重物的時(shí)候，背包需要貼近身體，背輕的東西時(shí)，可以離遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)，即 ④ ；故選C。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer39。s own body weight. 這個(gè)男孩四十公斤，可知他最多背15%40kg=6kg，故選B。 （4）此題考查主旨大意。這篇短文主要對如何正確使用背包使人更舒服更安全給出的幾點(diǎn)建議，故選D。 【點(diǎn)評】此題考查閱讀理解。先閱讀短文，理解短文大意。然后進(jìn)行審題，弄清題意，帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出細(xì)節(jié)理解問題的答案。對于主旨大意題要根據(jù)文章的中心思想確定。5．閱讀短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A myth is something that is not correct, but many people believe. There are a lot of myths about the human brain. One of the biggest myths is that we only use 10 percent of our brains. The next part of the myth is that if we can learn to use the rest of our brains, then we39。ll be much smarter. People say this all the time, but it39。s absolutely not true! The truth is that although we don39。t know everything about the human brain, we know that each part of it has an important function （功能）. Modern scientists think the 10 percent myth ridiculous（荒謬的）. The other most popular myth is about being right brained or left brained. According to this myth, people who use the right side of their brains are more artistic and creative. People who use the left side of their brains are better at math and science. This is as popular as the 10 percent myth, and it39。s also wrong. In 2013, a study at an American university examined the right brain and left brain myth. According to the study, we use both sides of our brains equally （相等地）. It39。s true that we use different parts of our brains for different things. We use our left side for language more, and our right side when we need to pay attention. But there is no evidence （證據(jù)） that creative people use the right side more, or that scientific people use the left side more. We39。ve talked about myths, so let39。s look at a few interesting facts about the brain. First of all, the brain feels no pain. Second, about 75 percent of the brain is made of water. It39。s also the fattest organ in your body. Here39。s another interesting fact about the brain. Around the time you turn 18 years old, it stops growing.（1）The underlined word This in Paragraph 3 refers to ▲ . A.the left brain mythB.the right brain and left brain mythC.the use of human brainsD.the study of an American university（2）According to the facts mentioned in the passage, ________ may use the left brain more. A.Robert, who is learning EnglishB.Kate, who is drawing picturesC.Jenny, who is designing clothesD.Jacob, who is doing research（3）Which of the following is TRUE about the human brain? A.It is growing all life long.B.The right side is used more by artists.C.Some parts of it are not used at all.D.Three quarters of it is made of water.（4）The passage mainly tells about ________. A.the growing of the brainB.different functions of the brainC.right brain and left brainD.myths and facts about the brain【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章講述了有關(guān)大腦的傳說是不真實(shí)的，同時(shí)告訴我們有趣的事實(shí)，大腦沒有疼痛，大腦的百分之五是水。也是身體最胖的器官。在一個(gè)就是大約在18歲，你的大腦就停止生長了。 （1）詞義猜測題，根據(jù) According to this myth和后文 Thisis as popular as the 10 percent myth, and it39。s also wrong. 可知this指的是上文說的有關(guān)左腦和右腦的神話，故答案是B。 （2）邏輯推理題。根據(jù) We use our left side for language more, 可知學(xué)習(xí)語言用左腦多一些。故選A。 （3）正誤判斷題，根據(jù) Second, about 75 percent of the brain is made of water. ，百分之75的大腦是水做的， Three quarters，四分之三，相當(dāng)于百分之75，因此D是對的，故答案是D。 （4）主旨大意題，本文主要告訴我們有關(guān)大腦的神話和事實(shí)，故答案是D。 【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，本文涉及到細(xì)節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測題、正誤判斷題和主旨大意題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題和政務(wù)判斷題都可以直接從文中找到依據(jù)，邏輯推理題則需要根據(jù)位置事實(shí)與已知事實(shí)的聯(lián)系確定答案，主旨大意題則需要在充分理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上歸納出文章的中心。6．閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。 The world itself is being much smaller by using modern traffic and morden munication means （工具）. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution es in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even heart it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people have, the more pollution bees. Many years ago, the problem was nor so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer