【正文】 畢 業(yè) 設 計（論 文） 外 文 參 考 資 料 及 譯 文 譯文題目： Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) （ 腸出血性大腸桿菌） 學生姓名 ： 吳光燕 學 號： 0710110413 專 業(yè)： 動物 科 學 所在學院： 動物科學與技術學院 指導教師： 方光遠 職 稱： 副教授 2022 年 3 月 2 日 Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacterium that is monly found in the gut of humans and warmblooded animals. Most strains of E. coli are harmless. Some strains however, such as enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), can cause severe foodborne disease. It is transmitted to humans primarily through consumption of contaminated foods, such as raw or undercooked ground meat products and raw milk. Its significance as a public health problem was recognized in 1982, following an outbreak in the United States of America. EHEC produces toxins, known as verotoxins or Shigalike toxins because of their similarity to the toxins produced by Shigella dysenteriae. EHEC can grow in temperatures ranging from from 7176。C to 50176。C, with an optimum temperature of 37176。C. Some EHEC can grow in acidic foods, down to a pH of , and in foods with a minimum water activity (Aw) of . It is destroyed by thorough cooking of foods until all parts reach a temperature of 70176。C or higher. E. coli O157:H7 is the most important EHEC serotype in relation to public health。 however, other serotypes have frequently been involved in sporadic cases and outbreaks. The diseases caused by EHEC Symptoms of the diseases caused by EHEC include abdominal cramps and diarrhoea that may in some cases progress to bloody diarrhoea (haemorrhagic colitis). Fever and vomiting may also occur. The incubation period can range from three to eight days, with a median of three to four days. Most patients recover within 10 days, but in a small proportion of patients (particularly young children and the elderly), the infection may lead to a lifethreatening disease, such as haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). HUS is characterized by acute renal failure, haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia. It is estimated that up to 10% of patients with EHEC infection may develop HUS, with a casefatality rate rangi